2. Identify the horse, determine its vital parameters, and perform a distant examination

Question 1

How to identify a horse?

Answer 1

Use permanent markings and non-permanent markings

Question 2

What are permanent markings/data?

Answer 2

1. Species
2. Breed
3. Sex
4. Colour
5. White marks
6. Whorls
7. Chip

Question 3

What are non-permanent markings/data?

Answer 3

1. Age
2. Body weight
3. Hight
4. Body length
5. Tattoos
6. Branding marks

Question 4

Name some colour of the horse:

Answer 4

Black, dark bay, light bay, dun, gray

Question 5

Markings on the head:

Answer 5

1. Star
2. Blaze
3. Strip
4. Snip
5. Bald face
6. Lip marking

Question 6

White markings on the limb:

Answer 6

1. White cornet (white, smaller line just above the hoof)
2. White pastern
3. White fetlock
4. White sock
5. white to knee, to hock etc

Question 7

Markings normal on the rest of the body:

Answer 7

Whorls, white markings, brand marks, tattoos

Question 8

On which regions can we find whorls?

Answer 8

1. Forehead
2. Pectoral region
3. Flank

Question 9

What are the vital parameters?

Answer 9

Heart rate
Reps. rate
Temperature

Question 10

Heart rate of adult:

Answer 10

28-42 (we normally say 30-40)

Question 11

Heart rate of foal:

Answer 11

At birth: 60-100
Increases next 24 hrs
1-7 days: 60-100
1 week - 6 months: 40-60

Question 12

Temperature of adult:

Answer 12

37-38

Question 13

Temperature of foal:

Answer 13

37.5-38.5

Question 14

Respiratory rate adult:

Answer 14

10-18

Question 15

Respiratory rate foal:

Answer 15

Birth: Gasping
0-2 hrs: 40-60
decreaes for the next 24hrs
1-7 days: 20-35
1 week - 6 months: 10-25

Question 16

which arteries can we palpate?

Answer 16

1. Facial artery
2. Transverse facial artery
3. Medial and Lateral digital arteries

Question 17

Where to inspect resp. rate?

Answer 17

Thoracic and abdominal wall

Question 18

Where to auscultate resp. rate?

Answer 18

Over larynx, trachea and lungs

Question 19

What to observe during “distant examination”?

Answer 19

1. size
2. Confirmation
3. Body condition
4. Position
5. Gait
6. Behvaiour
7. Pathological changes

Question 20

Body condition:

Answer 20

1-9
4-7 = normal

Question 21

Position:

Answer 21

Dog sitting = distension of intestines, or diapragmatic pressure -> difficult breathing

Rocking horse = Large colon impaction