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Respiratory > 2. How we breathe > Flashcards

2. How we breathe Flashcards

1
Q

2 zones of lung

A

1) Conducting zone
2) Respiratory zone (blood-gas interface)

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2
Q

Conducting zone

A

no gas exchange

trachea to terminal bronchioles

generations 0-16

BULK FLOW

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3
Q

Respiratory zone

A

Volume 2.5-3 L

respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveolar air sacs

generations 17-23

DIFFUSION

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4
Q

Boyle’s Law

A

P1V1 = P2V2

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5
Q

Intrapleural pressure

A

between pleural membranes

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6
Q

Intrapulmonary pressure

A

in the alveoli

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7
Q

Transpulmonary pressure

A

Intrapulmonary minus Intrapleural

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8
Q

Flow

A

Pressure x resistance

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9
Q

Asthma

A

Reduced airway radius

Increased resistance

Intermittent smooth muscle contraction

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10
Q

Vital capacity (VC)

A

Maximum volume breathed out SLOWLY after maximum inspiration

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11
Q

Forced vital capacity (FVC)

A

Maximum volume breathed out as QUICKLY as possible after maximum inspiration

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12
Q

Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)

A

Volume expired in 1s during FVC

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13
Q

Values for Normal/Obstructive/Restrictive FEV1/FVC

A
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14
Q

Main site of airway resistance

A

Intermediate bronchi

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15
Q

How are CRV, TLC, FRC measured?

A

Plethysmography

sealed chamber

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16
Q

Tidal volume

A

The amount of air which enters the lungs during normal inhalation at rest

The average tidal volume is 500ml

17
Q

Residual Volume

A

volume of air still remaining in the lungs after the most forcible expiration possible

18
Q

IRV

A

the maximal amount of additional air that can be drawn into the lungs by determined effort after normal inspiration

19
Q

ERV

A

the additional amount of air that can be expired from the lungs after normal expiration

20
Q

Resistance changes with lung volume

A

At larger lung volumes, resistance is lower

because airways are dilated due to radial traction

Respiratory (13 decks)

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