2: Disease of Salivary Glands Flashcards
What are the 3 largest salivary glands
Parotid gland
Submandibular gland
Sublingual gland
If salivary glands swell bilaterally
Sialodenosis
What gland due sialadenosis and sialdenitis effect
Parotid gland
What gland does sialolithiasis affect and why
Submandibular gland - due to the ascending salivary duct
What is sialodenosis
Bilateral swelling of salivary glands
What are the 3 categories of causes of sialodenosis
- Endocrine
- Dystrophic
- Meds
What endocrine disease may cause sialodenosis
DM
What dystrophic conditions may lead to sialodenosis
Malnutrition
Alcohol
Anorexia
What medications may lead to sialodenosis
Clonidine
How does sialodenosis present
Bilateral swelling of parotid gland
What is sialdenitis
Inflammation salivary gland
What causes sialdenitis
Staphylococcus aureus
How does sialdenitis present
Unilateral, tender salivary gland with purulent discharge
What indicates parotid involvement
Raised serum amylase
What is sialolithiasis
Formation of stones in salivary glands
Where do 80% of sialolithiasis occur
Submandibular gland
How does sialolithiasis present clinically
Unilateral facial pain and swelling following eating
Why is pain in sialolithiasis worse following eating
Due to secretion of saliva
What are two investigations for sialolithiasis
US
X-Ray
What is conservative management of sialolithiasis
Analgesia
Hydration
Massage gland
Sialagogues - lemon juice
What is medical management of sialolithiasis
Antibiotics
When is surgery indicated for salivary stones
Recurrent or persistent
How are distal salivary stones managed surgically
Trans-oral surgery
How are proximal salivary stones managed surgically
Trans-cervical surgery
What are problems with salivary gland stones
Abscess
Pain
Recurrent infection
Explain relationship between sjogrens and salivary glands
Sjogrens causes inflammation of the salivary glands which decreases saliva excretion causing xerostomia, dysphagia, dental infection and parotitis
