2. Differential diagnosis of hematuria in childhood.

Question 1

define microscopic hematuria?

Answer 1

reater than 5 RBC/mm3 in uncentrifuged urine or greater than 5 RBCs/HPF in centrifuged urine on at least 2 to 3 different occasions

Question 2

what is the classification of hematurea?

Answer 2

can be transient
fever, exercise, urinary tract infections (which usually also present with dysuria and pyuria), and trauma.

or persistent

NON GLOMERULAR HYERCALCIUREA

nephrolithiasis
coagulation disorder polycystic kinden disease
wilms tumor
structural abnormalities of the kidney , ureter or bladder - upjo

iga nephropathy
alport syndrome
post infection GN
hemolytic uremic syndrome

Question 3

describe what you would find in urinalysis with all the dd of hematurea

Answer 3

excercise
micro
protein +

fever
micro
protein +

UTI / pyelonephritis
micro or macro
+

trauma
macro
-

====

peristsnat

nephrotic
micro
-

coagulation disorder
micro or macro
-

PCKD
micro or macro
+

wilms tumor
micro or macro
+/-

structural anomalies
micro
-

Iga nezphropathy
micro or macro
-/+

alport
micro or macro
+/-

rest same

Question 4

Hypercalciuria, defined in children older than 2 years of age as a ?

Answer 4

urine calcium/creatinine ratio greater than 0.2 (mg/mg), has been associated with persistent asymptomatic microscopic hematuria

sandy urine

Question 5

characteristic of Glomerular hematuria

Answer 5

: brown colored urine; RBC casts & dysmporphic (small, deformed)

Question 6

characteristic of Non-glomerular hematuria

Answer 6

eddish or pink urine; passage of blood clots and eumorphic

(normal-sized) erythrocytes