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Biology > 2- Cells > Flashcards

2- Cells Flashcards

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0
Q

What does a plant cell have that an animal cell doesn’t?

A

Cell wall, chloroplast, permanent vacuole

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1
Q

What do both animal and plant cells have in common?

A

A nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes

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2
Q

What does a nucleus do?

A

Controls the cells activities

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3
Q

What does a cytoplasm do?

A

It is where many chemical reactions take place

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4
Q

What does a cell membrane do?

A

Controls the movement in and out of the cell

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5
Q

What does a mitochondria do?

A

Where energy is released during aerobic respiration

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6
Q

What do ribosomes do?

A

Where protein synthesis takes place from amino acids

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7
Q

What is a cell wall?

A

A rigid wall around the plant cell made of cellulose for support - it keeps the cell in shape

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8
Q

What do chloroplasts do?

A

Contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis. The chloroplast absorbs light energy to make food

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9
Q

What does a permanent vacuole do?

A

Contains cell sap with sugars and salts in it

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10
Q

What is an algal cell?

A

Simple aquatic cells with many features the same as plant cells

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11
Q

How are sperm cells specialised?

A

Tail - to swim to the egg

Lots if mitochondria - to provide energy from respiration

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12
Q

How is a red blood cell specialised?

A

No nucleus - more space to carry oxygen

Special shape - for a larger surface area so it can carry more oxygen

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13
Q

How is a route hair cell specialised?

A

Has a hair like structure - for larger surface area so it can absorb more minerals and water

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14
Q

How is a gland cell specialised?

A

Has many ribosomes - to make proteins because it produces enzymes

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15
Q

How is a receptor cell specialised?

A

Has special structures - detect stimuli

Eg. Cone cells in the eye are light sensitive

16
Q

Features of a bacteria cell?

A 
Loop of DNA
Cell membrane and wall
Ribosomes and cytoplasm 
Capsule
Flagella (tail)
17
Q

Features of a yeast cell?

A

Nucleus
Cell wall and membrane
Cytoplasm

18
Q

About bacteria?

A

They have no nucleus so there genetic material is in the cytoplasm
When they multiply they form a colony which can be seen with the naked eye

19
Q

About yeast?

A

A single celled organism

20
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The spreading out of particles of gas, or any substance in a solution from a high concentration of particles to a low concentration of particles

21
Q

What is a concentration gradient?

A

The difference in concentration between two areas

22
Q

What’s the correspondence between diffusion and the amount of concentration?

A

The larger the difference in concentration, the faster the rate of diffusion

23
Q

What are some examples of diffusion?

A

Oxygen into the cells of the body from the bloodstream
Carbon dioxide into actively photosynthesising plant cells
Simples sugars and amino acids from the gut through cell membranes

Biology (11 decks)

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