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Biology > 2 Cells > Flashcards

2 Cells Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the different organelles in an animal cell? (6)

A

Mitochondria

cytoplasm

ribosome

endoplasmic reticulum

nucleus

cell membrane

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2
Q

What are the different organelles in a plant cell? (9)

A

mitochondria

cytoplasm

ribosome

endoplasmic reticulum

nucleus

cell membrane

cell wall

chrloroplast

vacuole

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3
Q

Describe the mitochondria (2)

A

sausage shaped with a wiggly line

site of respiration

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4
Q

Describe the cytoplasm (2)

A

jelly-like substance that suspends the organelles

allows them to move

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5
Q

Describe the ribosome (2)

A

Hair like organelles that are attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum

site of protein synthesis

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6
Q

Describe the endoplasmic reticiulum (2)

A

Network of lines that is found throughout the cell

folds proteins and transports materials between organelles

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7
Q

Describe the nucleus (1)

A

Round, usually the largest organelle that controls all cell activities

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8
Q

Describe the cell membrane

A

layer that controls what enters and leaves the cell

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9
Q

Describes the cell wall

A

The most outer part of a plant cell that provides support and prevcents bursting

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10
Q

Describe the chloroplast

A

oval shapesd that contains green pigment called chlorophyll

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11
Q

What is the function of chlorophyll

A

absorbs light energy that plants need, to make nutrients in the process known as photosynthesis

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12
Q

Describe the vacuole (2)

A

looks like huge empty space

contains cell sap (goo that contains sugar and proteins that cell can draw upon when it needs to)

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13
Q

Magnification equation

A

Image size/ actual size

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14
Q

Describe the ciliated cells (2)

A

Contains hair-like projections called cilia, which are capable of moving in a coordinated sweeping motion

Moves mucus to mouth where it is swallowed and passed into the stomach

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15
Q

Describe the shape and function of palisade mesophyll cells (3)

A

main site of photosynthesis

contains many chloroplasts

columnar shaped, packed closely together-increasing number of cells for photosynthesis

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16
Q

Describe the shape and function of red blood cells (3)

A

transport of oxygen

Full with hemoglobin for transporting oxygen (no nucleus for transporting oxygen)

Biconcave shape, increasing the rate of diffusion

17
Q

Describe the shape and function of root hair cells (3)

A

absorption of water and minterals

elongated shape increases surface area, increasing rate of osmosis

contains many mitochondria to provide energy for active transport of solutes from the soil

18
Q

Describe the shape and function of sperm cells (5)

A

reproduction

straemlined shape for enhanced motility

contains many mitochondria to provide energy for movement of the flagellum

contains enzymes in the acrosome which digest a hole in the egg cell membraine

contains half the number of chromosomes

19
Q

Describe the shape and function of the egg cell (3)

A

reproduction

cytoplasm contains nutrients for energy during cell division

contains half the number of chromosomes

20
Q

Define diffusion

A

net movement of particles from an area of higher concetration to an are of lower concetration down a concetration gradient, as a result of their random movement

21
Q

Factors that determine the rate of diffusion (4)

A

distance

temeperature

surface area of membrane

size of gradient

22
Q

Define osmosis

A

The net moevment of water molecules from a region o fhigher water potential to a region of lower water potential through a partially permeable membrane

23
Q

Define turgid

A

having turgor; enlarged and swollen with water

24
Q

Define turgor pressure

A

the pressure of the cytoplasm pushing agaisnt the cell wall

25
Q

define Plasmolysis

A

the loss of water in a hypertonic solution (containg a igh conc of solute) leading to shrinking of the cell

26
Q

Define flaccid

A

lacking turgor; lacking in stiffness or strength. Soft and floppy (includes oth shrunk cell and normal cell)

Biology (13 decks)

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