12 Organisms and their environment Flashcards
What is the energy input for biological systems
sunlight
How does the food chain on Earth begin with
Photosynthesising plants
Two definition of food chain (2)
diagram that shows “who eats what” in a habitat
transfer of energy between organisms by ingestion
Define producer
organism that can make its own organic nutrient
Define primary consumer
A primary consumer is an animal that eats only plants (producers).
first eaters of other organisms in the food chain
Define consumer
A consumer is an organism that gets its energy by feeding on other organisms.
Define carnivore
A carnivore is an animal that eats other animals.
Fungi and bacteria are examples of
decomposers
What do decomposers do
Break down dead plants and animals
How do decomposers digest their food
Secreting enzymes outside of the hyphae and absorbing the dissolved food materials
Explain energy transfer in food chains (3)
Plants use energy from light to build new substances that act as stores of energy
Herbivore gains some of the store of energy when it ingests the plant
Other animal eats herbivore, transferring some of the energy
Define omnivore
Animals that eat both plants and animals
Define ecosystem
Interactions in a given area bertween all of the organiams and between the environment and the organisms
Define trophic level
Each feeding level of a food chain
Define food web
network of interconnected food chains
