2- Basic Concepts and Principles Flashcards
Adaptation
A reduction in responding when evoked by an antedecent stimuli that is repeated over a prolonged time.
Antecedent
Anything that happens right before a behavior happens.
Automatic Reinforcement
alone reinforcement
Something you can do on your own to increase occurrence of a behavior.
Automaticity of Reinforcement
Behavior is modified by consequences, without the person’s knowledge or intent.
Aversive Stimulus
An energy change that you don’t like or want.
Behavior
Dead Man Test
The activity of a living organism.
Behavior Change Tactic
A technological method for changing behavior, based on one or more principles of behavior, that can be generalized.
Conditioned Punisher
A previously neutral stimulus is paired with an established punisher, which now makes that stimulus punishing.
Conditioned Reflex
An automatic response that is learned through continuous exposure.
Conditioned Reinforcer
A previously neutral stimulus that is paired with an established reinforcer, which now makes that stimulus reinforcing.
Conditioned Stimulus
A previously neutral stimulus that is paired with a reflexive behavior to elicit a learned response.
Consequence
Anything occurring after a behavior happens.
Contingency
Consequence for a behavior.
Contingency Shaped Behavior
Behavior that is modified based on consequences.
Contingent
Based on the reinforcement or punishment history.
Deprivation
I Want it
Limited or no access to a reinforcer or item.
Discriminated Operant
A learned behavior that occurs more frequently with a specific antecedent over the other.
SD
Discriminative Stimulus- signals that reinforcement is available.
Environment
Everything that surrounds an organism that can be explored with the 5 senses.
Extinction
Happens Once
No longer providing reinforcement for a previously reinforced behavior.
Habituation
When an eliciting stimuli is presented over a short period of time, the strength of the behavior diminishes.
Higher-Order Conditioning
aka secondary conditioning
Pairing a neutral stimulus with a conditioned stimulus that results in a conditioned reflex.
History of Reinforcement
The collection of a person’s learning experiences within a specific response class or as part of a person’s personal repertoire.
Joint Control
Two forms of verbal behavior combine for stimulus control of a response.
MO
not thirsty after drinking a bottle of water.
Motivating Operation- How valuable something is at a specific moment in time.
Negative Punishment
The removal of a stimulus that decreases the likelihood of a behavior.
Negative Reinforcement
The removal of a stimulus that increases the likelihood of a behavior.
Neutral Stimululs
A stimulus that does not have any affect on the behavior.
Ontogeny
On to TJ Maxx
Selectionism through someone’s personal learning history.
Operant Behavior
learned
Operant behavior is under the control of the person exhibiting the behavior, because it is learned.
#S-R-S
Operant Conditioning
S-R-S pairing
The use of reinforcement or punishment based contingencies, to change behavior.
Phylogeny
Rabbit Example
Selectionism through a species.
Positive Punishment
Adding a stimulus that decreases the likelihood of a behavior.
Positive Reinforcement
Adding a stimulus that increases the likelihood of a behavior.
Principles of Behavior
Punishment, reinforcement, and extinction.
Punisher
Something that decreases the future frequency of a behavior.
Punishment
Something that decreases the future frequency of a behavior.
Reflex
An automatic reaction that is not learned.
Reinforcement
Something that increases the future frequency of a behavior.
Reinforcer
Something that increases the future frequency of a behavior.
Repertoire
toolbox
Skills or set of knowledge that we already have.
Respondent Behavior
involuntary
Behavior that is elicited due to the antecedent alone, and which is needed for survival.
Respondent Conditioning
pavlovsdog
The process of pairing of a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to eventually elicit the conditioned response.
#classicalconditioning
Respondent Extinction
Repeatedly presenting the conditioned stimulus in the absence of the unconditioned stimulus to reduce occurence of conditioned response.
Response
A single instance of behavior.
Response Class
A group of behaviors with the same function.
Rule-Governed Behavior
before
Behavior that is under the control of a rule.
Selectionism
Darwin’s Theory
Attributes that benefit a species are selected and survive leading to more adaptive repertoires.
Socially Mediated Contingency
A behavior is affected by another person.
Stimulus
5 Senses
An energy change in the environment.
Stimulus Class
Stimuli that share similarities.
Formal, temporal, functional
+ Feature and Arbitrary
Stimulus Control
An energy change in the environment that has control over a behavior.
Stimulus- Stimulus Pairing
NS + US = CS
#Pavlov’s Dog
Three- Term Contingency
ABC
Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence.
Unconditioned Punisher
unlearned down
Something that you are born with that decreases the likelihood of a behavior.
Unconditioned Reinforcer
unlearned up
Something that you are born with that increases the likelihood of a behavior.
Unconditioned Stimulus
An energy change in the environment that you have no learning history with yet.
