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BIOL 225 > (2) Arthropoda > Flashcards

(2) Arthropoda Flashcards

1
Q

“Joint-legged”

A

horseshoe crabs, spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites, crustaceans, millipedes, centipedes, insects

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2
Q

Largest Phylum=

A

900,000 described species
- 75% of all species on earth
-Widest, densest distribution on earth
*2-30 million species

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3
Q

Chitinous Exoskeleton (Arthropoda Characteristics)

A

a. protective, lightweight, water-conserving
b. doesn’t grow, must be molted periodically

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4
Q

Molt

A

ecdysis

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5
Q

Tagma (Arthropoda Characteristics)

A

a body unit made up of multiple fused body segments

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6
Q

Respiration (Arthropoda Characteristics)

A

cutaneous if small and aquatic; or gills, tracheae, book lungs, book gills
*not true gills

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7
Q

Arthropoda Characteristics

A
  1. joint appendages
  2. exoskeleton
  3. Metamerism
  4. Tagma
  5. Respiration
  6. open circulation
  7. complete digestive system
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8
Q

Subphylum Chelicerata Characteristics

A

a. 6 pairs of appendages (12)
-4 pairs of walking legs (except crabs)
-1 pair of pedipalps (food handlers)
-1 pair chelicerae (pointed mouthparts)
b. fused head/thorax
c. no antennae or mandibles

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9
Q

Class Merostomata

A

Horshoe crab
a. 5 pairs of walking legs, 1 pair of chelicerae
b. marine
c. feed nocturnally
d. lays egg on beaches in spring
e. blood for vaccine testing

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10
Q

Order Aranae (Class Arachnida)

A
  1. Chelicerae = fangs, inject venom
  2. Pedipals manipulate food; male uses it to transfer spermatophore to the female
  3. Eight simple eyes
  4. silk glands
  5. Control insects
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11
Q

Order Scorpiones (Class Arachnida)

A
  1. Pedipalds= claws/ pinchers
  2. Stinger with venom at end of tail
  3. secretive, nocturnal
  4. mother carries young on back
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12
Q

Black Widow Toxin

A

Neurotoxin, attacks nervous system

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13
Q

Brown Recluse Toxin

A

Hemotoxin, attacks blood tissue

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14
Q

Order Opiliones (Class Arachnida)

A

daddy long legs
1. Cephalothorax and abdomen nearly fused
2. lose leg as defense, but not regenerated
3. scavenging or predatory

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15
Q

Order Acari (Class Arachnida)

A

ticks
1. Cephalothorax and abdomen completely fused
2. Nutrition
-free-living
-ectoparasites (Lyme disease, rocky mountain)
Ex: chogger= itching

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16
Q

Characteristics (Subphylum Myriapoda)

A
  1. Many footed
  2. One pair of antennae
17
Q

Class Chilopoda (Subphylum Myriapoda)

A

*centipedes
1. One pair of legs per segment
2. one pair of anterior poison claws
3. carnivorous
4. Agile, nocturnal, prefer moisture

18
Q

Class Diplomoda (Subphylum Myriapoda)

A

*milipedes
1. Two pair of legs per segment
2.herbivorous
3. Slow, coil for protection

19
Q

Characteristic (Subphylum Crustacea)

A
  1. Principally aquatic
  2. Most have a shell = cuticle secreted with high calcium content
  3. two pairs of antennae
  4. appendages biramous (forked) unless modified
  5. head, thorax, cephalothorax, abdomen (all are tagma)
  6. Excretory system: antennal or maxillary glands at base of these appendages
20
Q

Reproduction (Subphylum Crustacea)

A
  1. Most dioecious; barnacles monoecious
  2. Development
    - direct = no larva
    -indirect = larva or nymph
21
Q

Class Maxillopoda (Subphylum Crustacea)

A
  1. Copepods
    - freshwater and marine
    -primary component of plankton
    - intermediate hosts to some human parasites
  2. barnacles
    - marine
    -adult with shell
    -filter feeds using legs
    -reduce ships speed 30-40%
22
Q

Order Isopoda (Class Malacostraca)

A

-many small marine and freshwater
-terrestrial pillbugs/woodlice - internal gills

23
Q

Order Euphausiacea (Class Malacostraca)

A

Krill
-primary food for baleen whales, many fish

24
Q

Order Decapoda (Class Malacostraca)

A

crayfish, lobsters, crabs
- five pairs of walking legs
- small swimming larva for most

25
Q

Characteristics (Subphylum Hexapoda)

A
  1. primarily terrestrial
  2. one pair of antennae
  3. Six appendages
  4. Malpighian tubules - excretion
26
Q

Class Insecta (Subphylum Hexapoda)

A
  1. More species (+1 million) than any other classes
  2. widespread except marine
  3. three pairs of legs, one pair of antennae
  4. flight - wings are outgrowths of thorax wall
  5. Nutrition

BIOL 225 (10 decks)

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