2-6 Anatomy of the Pelvis: Circulation

Question 1

What is the largest artery of the pelvis?

Answer 1

Internal iliac aa

Question 2

What is the origin of the internal iliacs? Where is the (cord level)?

Answer 2

Originates from common iliac artery at LV5/SV1 level; anterior to sacroiliac joint.

Question 3

What is the posterior division of the internal iliac aa?

Answer 3

iliolumbar arteries
lateral sacral artery
superior gluteal artery

Question 4

What does the iliolumbar artery supply?

Answer 4

Iliacus mm
psoas major
quadratus lumborum
intervertebral space LV5/SV1

Question 5

What 8 arteries come off of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery?

Answer 5

1. Umbilical
2. Obturator
3. Uterine
4. Vaginal
5. Inferior vesicle
6. Middle rectal
7. Internal pedendal
8. Inferior gluteal

Question 6

What does the lateral sacral artery supply?

Answer 6

usually paired; course medially to provide sacral spinal branches to cauda equina

Question 7

Where does the superior gluteal artery exit the pelvis?

Answer 7

via the greater sciatic foramen

Question 8

What is the course of the umbilical artery?

Answer 8

courses along lateral pelvic wall and then ascends anterior body wall as the medial umbilical ligament.

Question 9

What are the branches off of the umbilical artery?

Answer 9

superior vesicle artery

artery to ductus deferens

Question 10

Where does the obturator artery exit?

Answer 10

courses along lateral pelvic wall to exit obturator canal

Question 11

The cervix is generally supplied by what arteries?

Answer 11

uterine and vaginal arteries

Question 12

What does the inferior vesicle artery supply?

Answer 12

in males, provides branches to bladder and reproductive organs; in females, often replaced by vaginal a

Question 13

What is the course of the internal pudendal artery?

Answer 13

exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen, then passes around the ischial spine to reenter the perineum via the lesser sciatic foramen.

Question 14

Where does the inferior gluteal artery exit the pelvis?

Answer 14

exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen

Question 15

What do the lumbar aa and deep circumflex iliac aa anastamose with?

Answer 15

1. Lower lumbar arteries from abdominal aorta.
2. Deep circumflex a is a branch of the external iliac a.
3. Anastomosis with iliolumbar a.

Question 16

What is the course of the ovarian artery? What does it anastamose with and travel through?

Answer 16

Similar to that of the testicular artery

1. Arises from abdominal aorta below renal arteries.
2. Travels through the suspensory ligament of the ovary.
3. Anastomosis with uterine a.

Question 17

What is the course of the testicular artery? What does it anastamose with and travel through?

Answer 17

1. Arises from abdominal aorta below renal arteries.
2. Descends along posterior body wall to the deep inguinal ring, courses within spermatic cord.

Anastomosis with artery of ductus deferens.

Question 18

What artery does the superior rectal artery arise from?

Answer 18

inferior mesentery artery

Question 19

What anastomoses with the superior rectal artery?

Answer 19

Provides branches to rectum

anastomoses with middle and inferior rectal aa

Question 20

What anastamoses with the deep femoral artery?

Answer 20

Medial circumflex femoral branches participate in cruciate anastomosis

Anastomosis with inferior gluteal a.

Question 21

Where does the median sacral artery arise from?

Answer 21

Abdominal aorta prior to bifurcation

Question 22

What anastamoses with the median sacral artery?

Answer 22

Anastomoses with lateral sacral artery and provides sacral spinal branches

Question 23

Where do venous plexuses ultimately drain to?

Answer 23

Venous plexuses (rectal, vesicle, prostatic, uterovaginal)

ultimately drain to venae comitantes of arteries and then to internal iliac vein