2/2 Exam 2 Howard Lymphatic System Flashcards
Functions of the lymphatic system
- Immunity
- Lipid absorption
- Maintain fluid balance
- Clean fluid back to blood
- Removes excess fluid from tissues
- Removes cellular debris
The lymphatic system is associated with the _____ system
Immune system
What are the two components of the immune system?
Innate and adaptive
Properties of the innate immune system
- Rapid
- Nonspecific
- No memory
Properties of the adaptive immune system
- Specificity, diversity, memory, self/non-self recognition
- Slower
Critical components of the adaptive immune system
B and T lymphocytes
The innate immune system “sees”:
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP)
Critical components of the innate immune system
- Complement
- Toll-like receptors (TLR’s)
- Mast cells
- Eosinophils
- Neutrophils
- Macrophages
- Natural killer cells
Example of a PAMP
LPS
What cells are associated with the adaptive immune system?
- Antigen presenting cells
- Natural killer cells (?)
- Clones of T lymphocytes (T cells)
- Clones of B lymphocytes (B cells)
____ are associated with cell-mediated immune response (cytotoxic)
T cells
____ are associated with humoral immune response (antibodies)
B cells
What are the two types of lymphoid organs?
- Primary (central)
- Secondary (peripheral)
What is the function of primary lymphoid organs?
Development and maturation of immunocompetent lymphocytes (into naive lymphocytes)
Examples of primary lymphoid organs
- Fetal liver
- Bone marrow (pre and postnatal)
- Thymus
What is the function of secondary (peripheral) lymphoid organs?
Proper environment for cells to interact with antigen/other cells
Examples of secondary lymphoid organs
- Diffuse lymphoid tissue
- Lymph nodes
- Spleen
- Postnatal bone marrow
- Tonsils
______ is considered both a primary and secondary lymphoid organ
Postnatal bone marrow
Which organs are encapsulated in the lymphoid system?
- Thymus
- Lymph nodes
- Spleen
- Tonsils (partially)
Two components of the lymphoid system
- Encapsulated organs
- Diffuse lymphoid tissue
Diffuse lymphoid tissue consists of ______
Loose conglomerates of lymphoid cells
Examples of diffuse lymphoid tissue
MALT (GALT and BALT more specifically)
What is MALT?
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
What is GALT?
Gut associated lymphoid tissue
What is BALT?
Bronchus associated lymphoid tissue
Which immune cells are derived from the bone marrow?
- T lymphocytes
- B lymphocytes
- Macrophages and APCs
____ are bone marrow immunocompetent
B cells
____ are thymus immunocompetent
T cells
Immunocompetent cells migrate to _____
Secondary lymphoid organs
Site of T cell maturation
Thymus
Components of the thymus
- Bilobed
- Encapsulated organ
The thymus is derived from:
3rd pharyngeal pouch (possibly fourth as well)
What is the function of the thymus?
- Allow immunocompetent and immature T cells to enter
- T cells mature and enter circulation
T cell maturation involves cellular processes such as:
- Formation
- Potentiation
- Destruction
The thymus arises ____ in embryo
Early
Thymus is of ____ origin
Endodermal
The thymus developmental max is ______
Shortly after birth
What happens to the thymus after puberty?
- Involutes (atrophy)
- Infiltrated by adipose tissue
- Cortex diminishes
The thymus is surrounded by:
CT capsule (dense irregular)
In the thymus, there are _____ forming incomplete lobules
Septa
