Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Religious Studies: Christianity > 1F: Two Views - Crossan and Wright > Flashcards

1F: Two Views - Crossan and Wright Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards
1
Q

Apocryphal gospels

A

Non canonical writings about Jesus. Examples include The Gospel of Thomas, The Apocryphon of James, and the Gospel of the Hebrews

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cynic

A

Person belonging to the Greek philosophical movement Cynicism, whose members rejected social convention and opted for living a simple life in accordance with reason and nature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Enlightenment

A

European intellectual movement that emphasised reason over religious revelation and superstition as the basis of knowledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Eschatological

A

literally means “last things” or “what happens at the end”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Jesus Seminar

A

group of Liberal New Testament scholars who meet periodically to discuss their research. They have concluded that it is not credible to believe in the Jesus of traditional Christian belief (ie virgin birth)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Messiah

A

“Anointed one”. Refers to a figure who is expected to unite the Jewish people and save them from their oppressors, ushering in an era of peace

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mindset

A

relates to a persons deeply held beliefs about all things to do with the world. term used by NT Wright when considering the question of who Jesus believed himself to be and what he believed about his role and purpose. Wright concludes that Jesus believed he was the ‘True Messiah’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Q

A

A source that scholars have long assumed was used by the writers of Matthew and Luke. Likely contained sayings of Jesus. Crossan accepts it as useful for learning about who Jesus really was as it was earlier than canonical gospels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Social Revolutionary

A

Someone who challenges accepted cultural and social norms by breaking them. Hopes and expects that others will do the same and therefore the norms will be replaced by new ones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Table fellowship

A

Jesus’ practice of showing acceptance of all kinds of people by eating alongside them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Worldview

A

the way in which a culture looks at the world. involves stories and symbols to answer key questions about existence. It is like a pair of metaphorical spectacles: a set of assumptions through which we view the world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the enlightenment worldview?

A

the belief that only things we can directly see and prove are considered to be real and valuable and give us knowledge about the world history

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

According to Wright, how does the enlightenment worldview separate history and faith from each other?

A

history focuses on facts and evidence, whereas faith is a private matter. enlightenment worldview forces people to hide their faith or disconnect from it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does Wright’s worldview differ?

A

suggests God cares about the world and establishes a covenant so that people can live out faith. Faith and history aren’t separated, so when Christians turn Jesus into a spiritual figure who speaks only privately to human hearts, they will be distorting his message

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is positivism?

A

having positive knowledge of the world, as long as any claims of knowledge can be verified through our senses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is phenomenalism?

A

the belief that anything we think we known in the external world is just knowledge of our own sensory experiences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is critical realism?

A
  • accepting that we can know things that our separate from ourselves
  • recognising that we understand things based on our POV which is influenced by biases and the context in which we come from
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How does Wright say we know the truth?

A
  1. admitting that we have biases and that we should be open to the idea that there might be a truth beyond our own perspective
  2. being open to having a conversation between our own POV and the thing we’re trying to understand: it might make us realise our own biases and thus discover truth in a new perspective
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the 3 things that could happen to our worldview?

A
  1. story might be confirmed
  2. story might be modified
  3. story might be abandoned
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How does Wright say we need to approach our study of Jesus?

A

By being willing to enter a hypothesis-verification process and be open to the possibility that our worldview might change as we encounter new information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the significant points Wright thinks of when entering a historical study of Jesus?

A
  1. Jesus was a Jewish prophet announcing the Kingdom of God: he should be seen as someone who was initiating a movement
  2. Eschatological expectation: Jesus shared the view that Jews were the chosen people of God and that history was going somewhere
  3. Messiah: there were other Jewish figures at the first millennium announcing the Kingdom of God. Jesus acted and spoke in ways that showed he believed he was the Messiah
  4. A Messiah who gave his life: the Jewish Messiah was thought of as being a victorious figure, his defeat therefore was a sign that he wasn’t the Messiah
22
Q

What are the 2 important facts about Jesus’ life that reveal he was reinterpreting the meaning of Messiah?

A
  1. he rejected violent revolutionary behaviour
  2. he drew upon Jewish traditions about God using the suffering of his people to bring about redemption
23
Q

According to Wright, how was Jesus’ concept of Messiah different from that of most other perceived Messiahs?

A

he emphasised non violence and was anti revolutionary. he also emphasised the idea of redemption through suffering

24
Q

Why does Wright think that the canonical gospels should be taken seriously?

A

because the writers intended to present these events as historical in a public context and the claims were compelling

25
Q

What is a summary of Wright’s view of Jesus?

A
  • a Jewish figure who is believed to be the Messiah
  • chosen by God to announce the kingdom of God
  • unlike other Messiahs, his movement didn’t die out with his own death: it continued to grow
  • a significant historical figure
  • “a prophet bearing an urgent, eschatological, and indeed apocalyptic message for Israel”
  • redefined the traditional understanding of the Messiah; emphasised non violence and suffering as a means of redemption
  • his resurrection confirmed to his followers that he was the Messiah
26
Q

What are some historical facts about Jesus according to Wright?

A
  • Born in 4BC
  • Grew up in Nazareth
  • Originally associated with John the Baptist but emerged as public figure around 28AD
  • Summoned people to repent
  • Shared in table fellowship
  • Angered certain Jewish groups
  • Reported by his followers to have been raised from the dead
27
Q

What is the Jesus Seminar?

A

a group of Liberal theologians who all do research on what there is to know about Jesus

28
Q

What does Crossan mean when he says “they told them symbolically and we are now dumb enough to take them literally”?

A

the writers were the clever ones for writing metaphorically, we are the stupid ones for thinking we should take them literally

29
Q

Quote from the Jesus Seminar

A

“God is dead. It is no longer credible to think of Jesus as divine. Jesus did not rise from the dead and the NT is a highly biased attempt to invent Christianity”

30
Q

What is the name of Crossan’s book?

A

The Historical Jesus

31
Q

Why did the Jesus Seminar decide that the Gospels weren’t reliable?

A

they were written later (50 years after) - too late to be reliable historically as word-for-word reports of Jesus’ preaching

32
Q

Why does Crossan believe the Gospels are parables?

A

because they aren’t historically true and instead we must uncover the deeper truth they contain

33
Q

Why does Crossan think that the Gospel writers and Paul were selecting their information and invented the divinity of Jesus?

A

because all the divine terms given to Jesus were actually titles for the Roman Emperor. they were applied to Jesus to emphasise the significance of Jesus’ kingdom

34
Q

Gospel accounts of Jesus

A
  • Itinerant Preacher: rural areas, few possessions but not ascetic
  • Open Table: shared food and lifestyle welcoming all as equals to his disciples community. No social distinctions
  • Kingdom Lifestyle: equality and justice. Moved village to village so that no singular area had a hold over him
  • Miracles of Social Healing: not real miracles. welcoming people back into community, against demands of Jewish laws
35
Q

What are Crossan’s methods when researching the historical Jesus?

A
  1. Looks into the culture of ancient Mediterranean, agarian society, gender relations etc
  2. Make an understanding of what life was like for Jewish people under Roman control
  3. Literary and textual study of the NT and books outside of the NT that might inform us of Jesus’ life
36
Q

How does Crossan view Jesus and what does it suggest?

A

as a ‘Mediterranean Jewish Peasant’
- suggests his status as a peasant gives us an insight on his life and teaching along with understanding social and psychological relationships in the context of the time: sheds more light of Jesus’ life

37
Q

What are Crossan’s two main strategies when working with texts that report directly on Jesus’ life?

A
  1. Only use materials that are dated between 30-60CE
  2. Look for multiple early sources that report the same saying/event
38
Q

What are the Apocryphal Gospels?

A

Ancient texts that aren’t from the NT that tell us about Jesus

39
Q

Why are many apocryphal Gospels also called ‘pseudepigrapha’?

A

because they are written by an anonymous author who gave the name of an Apostle to their writing

40
Q

What are some examples of apocryphal gospels?

A
  • Gospel of Thomas
  • Gospel of the Hebrews
41
Q

What is gnosticism?

A

focusing on secret knowledge in order to understand the universe

42
Q

Why does Crossan prefer apocryphal gospels?

A

because they might contain information about Jesus that is separate from the NT

43
Q

What is Q?

A
  • hidden in Matthew and Luke
  • based on German word ‘quelle’ meaning ‘source’
  • contains sayings of Jesus that are older than the gospels
  • lacks stories of Jesus’ birth and resurrection
44
Q

Why are apocryphal gospels rejected by the Church and many scholars?

A

because they are viewed as imaginative stories/legends/mystical

45
Q

What is Crossan’s picture of Jesus?

A
  • He intended a social revolution
  • He advocated a kingdom lifestyle
  • He served at an open table
  • He performed miracles of social healing
  • He practised an itinerant lifestyle
  • He can be compared to the Cynics
46
Q

How was Jesus believed to intend a social revolution?

A
  • instead of staying as an ascetic, he shared meals with others
  • there was gossip about him such as being a “glutton and a drunkard, a friend of tax collectors and sinners”
47
Q

What is a kingdom lifestyle?

A

A way of living that could bring about God’s kingdom. Aimed to create an open and equal community

48
Q

What is meant by ‘miracles of social healing’?

A

“curing” people who were socially ostracised, welcoming them back to society

49
Q

How can Jesus be compared to the Cynics?

A
  • Cynics went out of their way to reject materialistic orientation; often itinerant
  • Cynics operated in urban areas and were largely individualistic whereas Jesus was active in rural areas and focused on building a community with shared values
50
Q

What was Crossans image of Jesus?

A
  • A Mediterranean Jewish Peasant
  • a cynic: challenged societal norms
  • promoted the vision of God’s kingdom; characterised by shared egalitarianism
  • a healer of illness and social ostracisation
  • promoter of justice and equality

Religious Studies: Christianity (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions