1B - Treatment Of CVD Flashcards
What Are Types Of Treatment For CVD?
(4 Points)
~ Antihypertensives.
~ Statins.
~ Anticoagulants.
~ Platelet inhibitors.
What Do Antihypertensives Do?
(2 Points)
~ They work by lowering high blood pressure.
~ Which reduces the risk of arterial endothelial damage and therefore reduces the risk of atheromas and thrombosis.
What Are Types Of Antihypertensives?
(3 Points)
~ Beta blockers.
~ Vasodilators.
~ Diuretics.
What Do Beta Blockers Do?
Prevent increases in heart rate.
What Do Vasodilators Do?
Increase the diameter of the blood vessels.
What Do Diuretics Do?
Reduce blood volume by decreasing the amount of sodium reabsorbed into the blood by kidneys therefore decreasing the volume of blood reabsorbed into the blood.
What Do Statins Do?
Work by lowering blood cholesterol by reducing the amount of bad LDL cholesterol produced inside the liver therefore reduces the risk of an atheroma forming.
What Do Anticoagulants Do?
Work by reducing blood clotting.
What Do Platelet Inhibitors Do?
(2 Points)
~ They work by reducing blood clotting.
~ They prevent the clumping together of platelets.
What Are The Benefits And Risks Of Antihypertensives?
Benefits:
~ Reduce blood pressure.
~ Blood pressure can be monitored at home to check the drug is working.
~ Drugs work in different ways so they can be combined to maximise effectiveness.
Risks:
~ Has many side effects like;
-> Headaches.
-> Drowsiness.
-> Heart palpitations.
-> Swelling of the feet and ankles.
-> Persistent cough.
~ Patients may stop taking medication due to side effects.
What Are The Benefits And Risks Of Statins?
Benefits:
~ Reduces the level of bad LDL cholesterol in the blood.
~ Increases the level of good HDL cholesterol in the blood.
Risks:
~ Can take a while to become effective.
~ Need to be taken long-term to become effective.
~ Has many side effects like;
-> Muscle and joint pain.
-> Liver damage.
-> Neurological issues.
~ Can give patients a false sense of security, leading to a return to an unhealthy lifestyle.
What Are The Benefits And Risks Of Anticoagulants?
Benefits:
~ Reduces the formation of new blood clots.
~ Can reduce the size and growth of existing blood clots.
Risks:
~ Can cause excessive bleeding if injury occurs, including internal injury.
~ Has many side effects like;
-> Fainting.
-> Swelling of tissue.
~ Can damages the foetus if taken.
What Are The Benefits And Risks Of Platelet Inhibitors?
Benefits:
~ Reduces the formation of new blood clots.
Risks:
~ Can cause excessive bleeding if injury occurs.
~ Has many side effects like;
-> Rashes.
-> Liver dysfunction.
-> Stomach lining damage.
~ Combining more than one type of platelet inhibitor can increase the risk of harmful side effects.
