1B - More Biological Molecules Flashcards
Stages of DNA replication
- DNA uncoils as DNA helicase breaks hydrogen binds 2. DNA polymerase joins complementary bases and free floating nucleotides. 3. Condensation reactions joins the nucleotides
Is DNA replication conservative of semi-conservative
semi-conservative
Define energy
Energy is the ability to work
Energy cannot….
be created or destroyed
Why do organisms need energy?
Metabolism, movement, active transport, maintenance of body temperature, productions of substances, repair and divisions of cells
How does ATP release energy?
The bond between the second and third phosphate is broken in a hydrolysis reaction which releases energy.
Synthesis of ATP
ADP + Phosphate —————> ATP Energy
Why does ATP allow enzyme controlled reactions to occur more readily
Lowers the activation energy
What is an inorganic ion
A charged molecule which doesn’t contain carbon
What is the role of Fe2+
Binds haemoglobin to oxygen
What is the role of H+
Alters the pH of solutions
What is the role of Na+
Helps glucose and amino acids to cross cell membranes via co-transport. Also helps to maintain the concentration of water in cells
What is the role of PO43+
Attaches to other molecules to from phosphate groups
5 important properties of water
High specific heat capacity Large latent heat of vaporisation Solvent Strong cohesion Metabolite
High specific heat capacity
Cells can absorb lots of heat energy without changing temperature
Large latent heat of vaporisation
Can remove lots of energy when it evaporates without losing much water
Strong cohesion
Molecules are attracted to each other and so water flows well making it good for transportation
Solvent
Positive ends of water are attracted to the negative ions surrounding them in water molecules and so becoming dissolved. Good as substances can be transported easily around the body
Metabolite
Used in condensation and hydrolysis reactions. ATP release energy in a hydrolysis reaction.
Evidence DNA replication is semi-concervative
