1B Flashcards
Which 6 occasions would you stretch a harakah by 2 counts?
- When a fathah is followed by alif
- When a kasrah is followed by ya
- When a dhammah is followed by Waw
- When a fathah is followed by a mini alif
- When a kasrah is followed by a mini ya
- When a dhammah is followed by a mini waw
How do you stretch nasal letters?
The makhraj point is only articulated at the start of the stretch
What is the Arabic word for stretch?
Mad
Where is the makhraj for خ and غ?
The top of the throat
Where is the makhraj for ح and ع?
The middle of the throat
Where is the makhraj for ہ and ء?
The deepest part of the throat
Where is the makhraj for ق?
Deepest part of the tongue and the soft palate that lies opposite to it
Where is the makhraj for ک?
Under the ق a little, closer to the mouth and farther from the throat compared to the ق
Where is the makhraj for ج, ش and ی?
Middle of the tongue and the roof of the mouth that lies opposite to it
Where is the makhraj for ض?
One or both posterior sides/edges of the tongue and the internal surface of the upper molars
Where is the makhraj for ل?
The front sides/edges of the tongue and the gums of the front 8 teeth
Where is the makhraj for ن?
The tip of the tongue and the gums of the upper central incisors
Where is the makhraj for ر?
The tip of the tongue and the gums of the upper central incisors, using a little of the top part of the tip of the tongue also
Where is the makhraj for ت, د and ط?
The top part of the tip of the tongue and the soft area above the gum of the upper central incisors where the roots are
Where is the makhraj for ز, س and ص?
The end of the tip of the tongue on the plates of the lower central incisors. The sound is emitted from between the upper and lower central incisors
Where is the makhraj for ث, ذ and ظ?
From between the top part of the tip of the tongue and the bottom edges of the upper central incisors
Where is the makhraj for ف?
Between the tips of the upper central incisors and the inside of the lower lip
Where is the makhraj for و?
Forming a circle with the two lips without the two lips meeting completely so that the sound can run
Where is the makhraj for م and ب?
Closing the two lips completely together
Where does ghunnah come from and which letters does it apply to?
Nasal sound coming from the nasopharynx without any influence from the tongue. م and ن have separate makhraj but ghunnah accompanies it
What is mad sila?
Mini ی، و، ا
What is sukoon/sakin?
Voweless ٘
What is mad leen/lin?
When a fatha is followed by ی٘ or و٘
How to make the correct leen sound?
The mad leen و will end with oo sound
The mad leen ی will end with EE sound
What is the acronym for the sakina that are the shortest in length and which if these have hamz or qalqalah?
أَ جِد٘ قَطٍ بَکَت٘
Last 2 are hamz (click)
First 5 apart from ا are qalqalah (bounce)
What is the acronym for the mid length sakina?
لِن٘ عُمَر٘
What are the qalqalah letters?
قُطَ بَجَد
What are the hamz letters?
ت ک
What is a cut letter?
ء٘
What does leen mean?
Softness, it is a dipthong
How long do you hold mid length sakina letters?
1.25 count (Half sleepy)
How long do you hold long sakina letters?
1.5 count (Sleepy)
What is Hamza tul qat?
Cutting hamza
What is a shaddah and how does it change pronunciation?
It looks like a w and creates a double letter of a sakin and fatha, kasra, dhamma
ّ
How is مّ and نّ pronounced?
It is the most complete ghunna (nasality) which is held for 2 counts
How many levels does ghunna have?
4 levels
How do you prounce وّ and یّ?
Put hard emphasis on it
How many levels of heaviness?
5
How many levels of qalqalah?
3
What is a madd?
Hold and stretch
When is a madd 4 counts?
When it is before a ء
Or followed by a letter when you will stop reciting
When is a madd 6 counts?
When it is before a shaddah or sukun
What is nabr and when do you do it?
Emphasis on the letter with a shaddah, by raising pitch, that is after the madd ( don’t need to do it for a مّ نّ)
