1a- classification of disease

Question 1

define infectious

Answer 1

disease spread by parasites, bacteria etc

Question 2

define non-infectious

Answer 2

non-communicable disease due to age and genetics e.g cancer

Question 3

define communicable

Answer 3

an infectious disease that spreads from host to host

Question 4

define non-communicable

Answer 4

disease which cant be spread between people

Question 5

define epidemic

Answer 5

a disease which spreads quickly through a geographical area

Question 6

define endemic

Answer 6

disease that exists permanently in an area or group

Question 7

define pandemic, give example

Answer 7

a epidemic which spreads worldwide e.g Covid, spanish flu

Question 8

Malaria- patterns, reason for

Answer 8

tropical regions as this is where mosquitoes thrive not in dry and cold areas like mountains. Not in cities or places with developed health measures who have eliminated the disease

Question 9

HIV- patterns, reason for

Answer 9

Spread by bodily fluids, concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa highest rates in South Africa. High rates in places with limited education as they arent taught about safe sex etc

Question 10

TB- patterns, reason for

Answer 10

high rates in Nigeria and Mozambique, linked with lower-income countries as its spread easily in crowded areas

Question 11

Diabetes- patterns, reason for

Answer 11

type one is genetic but type two is caused by diet, inactivity and obesity. High rates in America and SE Asia

Question 12

CVDs- patterns, reason for

Answer 12

concentrated in HIC with ageing populations like russia. premature death caused by inactivity, smoking, diet

Question 13

describe the Hagerstrand model

Answer 13

outbreak starts slow from a fixed place as is spreads out of the fixed spot infections increase rapidly. The spread slows as population becomes more immune, barriers to diease take over and spread stops

Question 14

what is the neighbourhood effect

Answer 14

people living in proximity to carriers have a greater probability of contracting a disease than those further away

Question 15

what is hierarchical diffusion

Answer 15

spread through ordered sequence of places from large well connected areas to small remote ones

Question 16

what is network diffusion

Answer 16

diffusion is channelled along transport networks like rail routes, and flights. e.g H1N1 was spread around the world by flights and in america killed 12,500 people

Question 17

what is contagious diffusion

Answer 17

spread of disease through direct contact with a carrier, strongly influenced by distance E.G Ebola western Africa