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German History > 1960s > Flashcards

1960s Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the numbers of men to women in the 1960s

A

126 to 100

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2
Q

Now many children did the average German woman have

A

2.4 children

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3
Q

What and when was the Eichmann trial

A

1961

Trial of key figure on holocaust led to widespread protests

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4
Q

When was the Auschwitz Guard Trials

A

1963-65

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5
Q

When was the state visit of the Shah of Iran

A

June 1967

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6
Q

Social effects of Nazi legacy

A

Until late 60s legacy ignored
Former Nazis re-employed in manufacturing and Adeneaurs government
48% of people believed that Hitler would have been best German leader if not for war in 1955
Germany became politically polarised between Ohne mich generation and new, younger generation
Kiesinger and President Lubke both ex-Nazis

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7
Q

How many people believed that Hitler would have been best ever German leader if not for war in 1955 and how had it changed by 1967

A

1955- 48%

1967- 32%

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8
Q

What caused the 1968 student protests

A

Nazi-era war crime trials of 1958 and 1965 brought societal issues to the fore

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9
Q

When did learning about the Nazi era become compulsory

A

1962

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10
Q

How many protested against Vietnam in the 1968

A

15,000

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11
Q

How did the number of university students change between 1950 and 1960s

A

108,000 to 400,000

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12
Q

How did the labour market change from August 1961

A

Building of the Berlin Wall led to a dramatic decrease in cheap labour from the eastern bloc

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13
Q

Who was the Economics Minister and what theory did he subscribe to

A

Karl Schiller

Believed in Keynesian theory- increased role of state in the economy

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14
Q

What was the Stabilisation law and what did it do

A

Stabilisation Law of 1967

Promoted budget planning co-operation between different levels of government

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15
Q

How did the EEC affect the German economy

A

Removal of trade barriers helped to create large market for German goods

By 1969 single market all but achieved

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16
Q

How was foreign labour used in the 60s FRG economy

A

Came from Southern Europe, Yugoslavia and Turkey

Numbered 1.2 million by 1966

17
Q

What changed during the 1965 economic slump

A

GDP growth fell to 2.9% and industrial growth to 1.2%

1966- inflation at 4%

18
Q

How did Erhard attempt to counter the 1965 economic slump

A

Cutting spending by 10%
Raising interest rates

Failed and he resigned in November 1966

19
Q

Economic changes under Kiesinger

A

Stabilisation Law of June 1967
Allocation of funds to improve infrastructure
Central government gained more control over local taxation
Increase in direct taxation
Public spending cuts of 2000 million marks
Idea of concerted action- bringing together unions, employers and government

20
Q

Economy in 1968

A

Unemployment decreased and industrial growth up to 6%

21
Q

Concerted action

A

Trade unions, employers and government worked together to achieve harmony and maximise economic progress

22
Q

When and what was the Emergencies law

A

1968
Gave German government power to appointed elected committee to rule by decree in times of crisis or civil unrest

23
Q

Result of 1961 election

A

CDU/CSU majority decreases

Lost absolute majority

24
Q

When was the Berlin Wall built

A

August 1961

25
Q

Issues with Adenauer with building of Berlin Wall

A

Adenauer did not immediately come to Berlin, allowing Brandt to grow in prominence and attack Adenauer for “indifference”

26
Q

Details of Adenauer deal after 1961 election

A

Adenauer remained chancellor due to deal with FDP on condition of Adenauers resignation after 2 years

27
Q

Details and impact of Der Spiegel Affair

A

Defence minister Strauss ordered arrest of journalist and editors of Der Spiegel after they published an article criticising the Bundeswehr
Offices and houses searched by 36 policemen
Reminded German people of authoritarianism of Nazi era
Resignation of 5 FDP cabinet members
FDP demanded resignation of Strauss and Adenauer

28
Q

When and what was the Schwabing riots

A

1962
Adenauer supported heavy police response against musicians playing music past 22:30
Led to protest of 5,000 students

29
Q

When was the NDP formed and what did it do

A

1964
Far right, campaigned for reunification
Never reached 5% needed for Bundestag representation

30
Q

When did Erhard become chancellor

A

1963

31
Q

When was there a recession and what was the response

A

1965
Cut spending plans and raised interest rates
Planned to expand working day by an hour- quickly shut down
1966- inflation at 4%

32
Q

Result and effect of 1966 local elections

A

July 1966
CDU/CSU lost election in the Rhineland- showed failing strength and increased internal tensions
Divisions over how to deal with economic issues- CDU/CSU wished to raise taxes, FDP cut spending
FDP resigned from coalition, leading to resignation of Erhard

33
Q

Why did Erhard resign

A

CDU/CSU lost Rhineland election, showing fading strength
Conflict over how to deal with economic issues between CDU/CSU and FDP
Economic issues

34
Q

When did Kiesinger become Chancellor

A

1966

35
Q

What government did Kiesinger form

A

A grand coalition of CDU/CSU and SPD

Controlled 90% of the Reichstag

36
Q

Why was Kiesinger criticised as a slip into authoritarianism

A

Criticised for his Nazi party membership in the past
GC caused some to be reminded of previous one party state

37
Q

When was a legal communist party formed and what was it called

A

1968

DKP

38
Q

How did the NPD do in 1967 local elections

A

Won 48 seats in 6 local elections

39
Q

Result of 1969 election

A

FDP/SPD coalition beats CDU/CSU for the first time

Willy Brandt, SPD leader, becomes chancellor

German History (9 decks)

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