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Spinal Final Exam > 193-208 > Flashcards

193-208 Flashcards

1
Q

The capsular ligament is present at which interchondral joints?

A

6-9 interchondral joints

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2
Q

What is the classification of 6-9 interchondral joints?

A

synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)

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3
Q

How many bones form neurocranium?

A

8

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4
Q

What bones form neurocranium?

A 
frontal
parietal
occipital
temporal
sphenoid
ethmoid
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5
Q

How many bones form facial skeleton?

A

14

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6
Q

What bones form facial skeleton?

A 
mandible
vomer
nasal
maxilla
lacrimal
inferior nasal concha
palatine
zygomatic
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7
Q

What is the appearance of the intersection of coronal and sagittal sutures?

A

bregma

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8
Q

What is the appearance of the intersection of lambdoid and sagittal sutures?

A

lambda

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9
Q

What is the diamond shaped remnant of developing membrane bone at intersection of frontal bone with both parietal bones?

A

anterior fontanelle

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10
Q

What is the diamond shaped remnant of developing membrane at intersection of occipital bone with parietal bones?

A

posterior fontanelle

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11
Q

What is the glabella?

A

elevation of bone over frontal sinus between the orbits

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12
Q

What is the name given to the outline of the nasal cavity at the front of the skull?

A

piriform aperature

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13
Q

What is the alveolar jugum?

A

part of mandible or maxilla covering the root of tooth exteriorly

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14
Q

What is the name given to the alveolar jugum of canine tooth in maxilla?

A

canine eminence

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15
Q

What forms bullet-like chin?

A

large mental protuberance

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16
Q

What forms an indented chin?

A

well developed bilateral mental tubercles and a slight mental protuberance

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17
Q

What is the name given to the midline posterior elevation at the back to the skull?

A

EOP

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18
Q

What is the tip of external occipital protuberance?

A

inion

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19
Q

What is the name of the linear elevation lateral to external occipital protuberance?

A

superior nuchal line

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20
Q

What is the appearance of suture intersections above the zygomatic arch called?

A

pterion

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21
Q

What bones form the pterion?

A

temporal
sphenoid
frontal

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22
Q

What points on the skull are used to measure the skull size?

A

nasion
vertex
inion
gnathion

23
Q

What points on skull are used to measure cranial vault capacity?

A

nasion
vertex
inion

24
Q

What is the posterior boundary of anterior cranial fossa?

A

a line drawn along lesser wing of sphenoid, anterior clinoid processes and sphenoidal jugum

25
What is contained in the anterior cranial fossa?
frontal poles of frontal lobes of cerebrum and olfactory bulb
26
The olfactory nerve exits the cranial vault via what opening?
cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
27
What are the contents of superior orbital fissure?
``` ophthalmic veins oculomotor nerve trochlear nerve ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve abducent nerve ```
28
What cranial nerves are located within the superior orbital fissure?
cranial nerves III (oculomotor), IV (trochlear), Va (ophthalmic division of trigeminal), and VI (abducent)
29
What is unique about the ophthalmic artery and veins?
unlike other artery-vein combinations they will not share the same opening of ophthalmic artery is in the optic canal, ophthalmic veins are in the superior orbital fissure
30
What are the contents of foramen oval?
mandibular division of trigeminal nerve (Vc) and the lesser petrosal branch of glossopharyngeal nerve
31
What are the contents of the foramen spinosum?
nervus spinosus from mandibular division of trigeminal nerve and middle meningeal artery
32
What bones converge to form the foramen lacerum?
temporal sphenoid occipital
33
What are the contents of the foramen lacerum?
internal carotid artery carotid sympathetic nerve plexus venous plexus
34
What forms the roof of posterior cranial fossa?
tentorium cerebelli
35
What part of CNS occupies the posterior cranial fossa?
cerebellum pons medulla oblongata
36
Which ostia will allow exit from the posterior cranial fossa?
``` foramen magnum internal acoustic meatus jugular foramen hypoglossal canal condylar canal ```
37
What are the contents of internal acoustic meatus?
cranial nerve VII (facial nerve) and VIII (vestibulocochlear/auditory nerve) nervus intermedius/nerve of Wrisberg/sensory root of VII and the motor root of VII vestibular and cochlear roots of VIII internal auditory/internal labyrinthine artery and vein
38
What are the contents of jugular foramen?
jugular bulb inferior petrosal sinus tympanic body/tympanic gloms or jugular body/jugular glomus cranial nerve IX (glossopharyngeal) X (vagus), XI (spinal accessory)
39
What is the name of the venous expansion between the sigmoid dural venous sinus and the internal jugular vein?
jugular bulb
40
What is the function of the tympanic body/tympanic glomus?
chemoreceptive organ- which monitors hypoxia, hypercapnia and increases in hydrogen ion
41
What are the contents of condylar canal?
emissary vein connecting sigmoid dural venous sinus and vertebral venous plexus
42
What can the 5 layers of scalp spell?
``` skin connective tissue aponeurosis loose connective tissue periosteum (SCALP) ```
43
What are the principal sources of blood to the scalp?
internal and external carotid artery branches
44
What branches of external carotid artery ramify in the scalp?
occipital posterior auricular superficial temporal arteries (OPS)
45
What location will each branch of the 5th cranial pass into upon exit from the middle cranial fossa?
ophthalmic nerve-orbit maxillary nerve-pterygopalatine region mandibular nerve-infratemporal region
46
Which divisions of the trigeminal nerve receive sensory info from the scalp?
all 3 divisions: ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular nerves
47
What nerve(s) and cord levels of origin to the cervical plexus supply the scalp?
greater auricular nerve- C2 C3 ventral rami branches | lesser occipital nerve- C2 (C3) ventral rami branches
48
Which dorsal ramus nerve branch (name and cord level of origin) supplies the scalp?
greater occipital nerve- C2 C3 communicating ramus
49
What nerve(s) provide motor innervation to the scalp?
facial nerve branches
50
What is the embryonic origin of skeletal muscles innervated by the facial nerve?
skeletal muscle is derived from branchial arches hence branchial efferent
51
What is the third layer of the scalp associated with?
muscular component of scalp
52
What muscle(s) are specifically associated with the scalp?
frontalis and occipitalis bellies of epicranius muscle
53
The bellies of epicranius muscles are connected by what structure?
galea aponeurotica

Spinal Final Exam (6 decks)

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