1917 revoloution and PG Flashcards
What average temperature was the winter of 1917?
-15 degrees
What is the main reason for the 1917 revolution?
Failure of war
What are a few other reasons for the 1917 revolution?
Soldiers being conscripted
Inflation
Weakness of Russian army
Lack of food
More educated
Lack of Russian identity
Why was inflation so high?
20-30 million rubles were printed a day
Why were women so angry during war time?
They spent hours queuing for bread and also had to work
What percentage of workers were women in Petrograd’s textile industry?
70%
What percentage of workers were women in Petrograd’s engineering industry?
20%
When was further rationing introduced in Russia?
15th February 1917
When was International Women’s Day in 1917?
23 February 1917
What was the initial protest for on Women’s Day?
Equal rights
Why did the Women’s Day protest grow?
They began demanding bread and a change to rationing and began recruiting male workers to join in
By 24th February 1917 how many protestors were there ?
200,000
How was the 1917 revolution dealt with on 25th February?
The military and police dealt with it harshly although soldiers were reluctant to do so
How did the punishment for the 1917 revolution grow by 26th February?
Agitators were arrested and demonstrators were killed
What did the Volonsky regiment take from the army on 27th February 1917?
100,000 men, 40,000 rifles, 30,000 revolvers, 8000 prisoners
How did the Volonsky regiment start a mutiny?
Their influence spread to other barracks so the soldiers joined the protest
When and how many soldiers marched on the Tauride palace to set up the Petrograd Soviet?
27th February 1917 - 25,000 marched
How was the Petrograd Soviet organised?
3000 delegates out of which 2/3 were servicemen as they were better organised
Who is the first chairman of the PS and for how long?
Chkheidze and he lasted from March 1917 to September 1917
Who are a few Menshevik members of the PS to begin with?
Martov and Tsarateli
When was the Committee/Council of Ministers dissolved?
27th February 1917
When was the Temporary Committee set up by the Fourth Duma?
28th February 1917
When did the PS and Fourth Duma negotiate the 8 points?
1st March 1917
What did the 8 points achieve that were discussed by the PS and Fourth Duma?
Amnesty for political prisoners, freedom of speech, abolition of restrictions based on nationality and class, more rights to soldiers
Why did the PS work with the PG?
Lack of experience
Helped them maintain power
Cautious that army leaders may rebel
When was the Provisional Government announced?
2nd March 1917
Who was the first Minister President of the PG?
Prince Georgy Lvov
What was the personality of Georgy Lvov?
Mild-mannered, not radical but indecisive due to not being a member of a party
What class dominated the PG?
Intellegensia
What party dominated the PG?
None
What was the role of the PG?
To oversee Russia until a fair democratic election for the people to draw up a constitution
Were people happy with the ministers chosen for the PG?
No they didn’t not who the majority of them were
Who convinced the Tsar to abdicate?
The army generals under Rodzianko’s orders
Who was the most notable and well known member of the PG?
Kerensky who was Minister of Justice and Vice-Chairman
When did the Tsar abdicate?
2nd March 1917
Why did the Tsar abdicate?
To look after his ill son Alexei
Why did the Tsars younger brother Mikhail seize the throne from him?
The PS and PG forced him to refuse the crown
Why were some roles appointed in April 1917?
There was a downfall of the SRs
Did the PG become more or less radical in April 1917?
More radical with two Mensheviks joining and other members from revolutionary parties
What changed with Kerensky’s role in April 1917?
He went from Minister ion Justice to Minister of War and Navy due to it needing to be in the hands of a trusted person
What was Order Number 1?
The PS had primary control over the army and could only follow PG orders if they did not contradict the PS
Was Russia a system of Dual Power in March 1917?
No, the PS had all of the major power whereas the PG was just in a position of authority
How many soviets sprang up throughout 1917?
1500
What were the attitudes towards the PG?
Viewed as weak
Dominated by left-wing
What were the Peasants reaction to the PG?
Revolted against their land owners and the Volost committees became dominated by revolutionaries