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Question 1

Marine Biota?

Answer 1

Marine organisms living in the pelagic environment (plankton and nekton) or the benthic environment (benthos)

Question 2

h-neutral?

Answer 2

Neither source nor sink; input = output

Question 3

Is the current atmosphere a sink/source?

Answer 3

Sink

Question 4

Outcomes of climate change will be spatially and temporally variable. What are some examples of outcomes? 3•

Answer 4

•Magnitude of climate change effects depends n species and location
•Greater variation in climate
•Higher frequency of extreme precipitation events

Question 5

Phenology?

Answer 5

The timing of key life cycle events in response to environmental cues (e.g., first flower, egg laying).

Question 6

Acclimatization?

Answer 6

When an organism adapts to environmental changes to maintain fitness.

Question 7

What are three possible differences in organisms if habitat becomes unfavourable? 3•

Answer 7

•Shift in time
•Shit in space
•Shit in phenotype

Extinction if they fail to respond

Question 8

More/less birds over elevation ranges expansion or contraction when moving up elevational gradients?

Answer 8

Expansion

Question 9

As lower elevation species move up elevational gradients, what can happen to species already in high elevations?

Answer 9

They will go towards extinction.

Question 10

What could cause range shifts in unexpected directions?

Answer 10

Perhaps species is tracking hangers in some other climate variable, or the land they once lived in is suitable again (maybe previous predator became extinct), or humans made land suitable for them.

Question 11

If the ocean acidifies when an increased CO2 concentration enter the ocean to create carbonic acid, what is the first likely affects?

Answer 11

Calcium carbonate will start dissolving, which will affect coral reefs which many are made from calcium carbonate, and shells that are relied on by may marine species.