182 Principles Of Drug Interactions Flashcards
What happens when penicillin and amingoglycides are mixed prior to IV administration
They form a ppt
What occurs when propranolol and cardiac depressants are mixed
Additive effects
What happens when nirtoglyceran and phosphodiesterase inhibitors are mixed
Synergistic effects
What is the effect when EPI and histamine are mixed
Opposing effects
What drugs are altered by pH
H2 blockers (Cimetidine, ranitidine) and Ketoconazole (requires low pH for absorption)
What drugs are altered by bacterial flora
Antibiotics and digoxin
What elements chelate tetracycline
Aluminum, calcium, and iron
What binds digoxin and prevents absorption
Cholestryramine
Atineoplastic drugs and digoxin cause
Drug induced mucosal damage
What drug increases the absorption of cyclosporine
Antiemetic (metclopramide)
What drug displaces warfarin from albumin, increasing anti-coagulation activity
Bucolome
What drugs induce CYP1A2 and CYP2C9
Barbiturates, carbamazepine, and rifampin (increases warfarin)
What drug induces CYP1A2
Theophylline
What drug induces CYP2C9
Phenytoin
What drug inhibits CYP1A2
Cimetidine (prevents metabolism of Benzos, warfarin, theophylline, phenytoin)
Probenecid inhibits weak organic tubular secretion of
Penicillin
What are the effects and active ingredients of St. John’s Wort
Anti-depressant and wound healing
Napthodianthrones, flavonoids, hyperforin
What is the active constituents of ginkgo biloba and what is major DDI
Terpene lactose and ginkgo flavones glycosides
DDI warfarin
Many recreational drugs are metabolized by
CYP3A4
What is the ketoconazole-cyclosporine interaction
Used as immunosuppressant for transplantation
Ketoconazole is a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor
Ritonavir inhibits
CCYP3A4
What are the main platers of grapefruit Joyce’s
Naringin and furancoumarin Inhibits CYP3A4 (statins)
