18 - The Bolshevik Government And The Suppression Of Opposition Flashcards
What did Lenin announce on the 25th October 1917? What Congress was introduced?
Seizure of power
All-Russian Congress of Soviets
Who met on the 26th October 1917? Who did they meet with to end the “coup”?
Congress of Soviets
Socialists
Who was left in control after Mensheviks and SRs left?
Bolsheviks and extreme SRs
What did Lenin establish a political government of? What were they known as collectively?
Political commissars
Sovnarkom
What role did Trotsky play in Sovnarkom?
Commissar of Foreign Affairs
How could Commissars rule by? What reference wasn’t needed?
Without decree
Soviet reference
What was Sovnarkom made up of primarily?
Bolsheviks
What did The Decree on Peace call for?
End to war
What did The Decree on Land call for?
Land to be property of the people
What did The Decree on Workers’ Control call for?
Workers to have factory control
What was abolished under Sovnarkom?
Titles and Ranks
What 2 things were nationalised under Sovnarkom?
Banks and Churches
How did early Bolshevik decrees seem in society? Which decree was especially popular?
Popular
Decree on Land
What did the Decree on Land help peasants do?
Win peasant support from SRs
What was most of Russia outside control of? What did the people call out for from Bolsheviks?
Bolsheviks control
New government
What was the “new government” from the Bolsheviks meant to represent? What did Lenin prefer?
Socialism
One-party rule
What type of warfare was encouraged? What campaign began?
Class warfare
Burzhui (anti-communism)
What type of newspapers were closed?
Anti-Bolshevik papers
What happened to many civil servants? Who replaced them?
Dismissed
Bolsheviks
What was established in December 1917? What was this?
Cheka
Bolshevik secret police
What 3 right-wing groups were arrested under Lenin?
SRs
Kadets
Mensheviks
What did Bolshevik opponents centre on? Why did Lenin allow the election?
Constituent Assembly
Fear of opposition
Who won most of the seats in the 1918 election? Who did this shock?
SRs
Lenin
What did Lenin announce about the new assembly post-election?
The new assembly would be a bourgeoisie democracy
When did the bourgeoisie democracy meet for the first time? What did Lenin decide?
5th January 1918
Bolsheviks would rule on behalf of the proletariats
What does Historian Sheila Fitzpatrick suggest about the Bolsheviks’ one-party rule?
“One-party rule emerged as a historical accident”
