18 - Parasitic Zoonoses Flashcards
- How do people acquire ascarid infection?
- ingestion of eggs/larva (from soil), direct transmission unlikely
- how do people acquire hookworm infection?
- direct skin contact w/ hookworm larva in soil (stay in skin)
- How do people acquire echinococcus infection?
- ingestion of eggs released by definitive hosts (canine)
How and when do unembryonated Toxocara eggs become infective?
Take 2-4 weeks in the environment to larvate (larva = infective stage)
What are the clinical Manifestations in people of ascarid infections?
- Visceral larval migrans – infective-stage larvae migrate through lungs, liver, or other organs
- Ocular larval migrans
What are the clinical manifestations in people of ascarid and hookworm infections?
Cutaneous larval migrans – progressive, intensely pruritic, linear eruption lesions
What ages (weeks) should kittens and puppies be treated for ascarid/hookworm infections?
- Hookworm: ages 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks of age
- If ascarids present – begin at 3 weeks
- For kittens: 5, 7, 9 weeks of age
What are the definitive hosts of Echinococcus Sp.?
- Definitive = canine (other canids), cats
- Intermediate = sheep, cattle, pigs, humans
Can fecal exams identify Echinococcus Sp.?
No, eggs look same as Taenia spp, and the tiny proglottids are rarely noticed
(parasitic zoonoses)
What are symptoms of alveolar hydatid disease?
(caused by echinococcus multilocularis)
- Liver cysts -> abdominal pain, jaundice (if bile duct obstruction), rupture -> fever, uticaria, anaphylactic reaction
- Pulmonary cysts -> cough, chest pain, hemoptysis
Be able to prepare client materials discussing measures to protect family members from intestinal parasites…
Routine deworming of pets
wash hands before eating and after handling pets
don’t eat poop, dirt, etc
discourage pets from eating rodents
dispose of pet feces
cover sandboxes
