17. TB Flashcards
Tuberculosis
Chronic bacterial infectious disease caused by M. tuberculosis.
Up to 10% of TB in some developing country is due to M.bovis
types or stages of tb
Primary tuberculosis
Not prior history of exposure to M. tuberculosis.
Clinically unrecognized in most instances.
Results in localized lung inflammation
High incidence in children
Middle and lower lung zones
characteristics of primary tb
Parenchymal component (Ghon focus): A subpleural, 1–1.5 cm parenchymal lesion, just above or below the interlobar fissure
if hilar lymph node involved
ghon complex
Fate of primary infection
-asymptomatic and heal spontaneously by undergoing fibrosis and calcification
-may progress to progressive primary tuberculosis
progressive primary tuberculosis
It take several forms, including cavitary tuberculosis, miliary pulmonary tuberculosis, and tuberculous bronchopneumonia.
Secondary tuberculosis
Develop as a result of reactivation (most of the cases) or a reinfection
Mostly involves apex of one or both lungs (Simon focus)
less nodal involvement and more cavitation (cavitary tuberculosis)
Haemoptysis
extrapulm. TB in cns
tuberculoma
TB meningitis
extrapulm. TB in neck
lymph nodes
scrofula
extrapulm. TB in bone and joint
potts disease
extrapulm. TB in adrenal
addisons diseases commenest cause
extrapulm. TB in GU
renal tb
fallopian tube infertility
extrapulm. TB in skin
lupus vulgaris
potts disease
vertebral column fracture or collapse
Complications of tb
Psoas abscess
Sinus tract formation
Vertebral compression fracture
Neurological deficit and paraplegia
Tuberculous arthritis
Ankylosis
Secondary amyloidosis
