17-Nucleic acid

Question 1

• building blocks of the nucleic acid

- composed of a nitrogenous base, a pentose monosaccharide, and 1,2, or 3 phosphate group

Answer 1

Nucleotides

Question 2

• are heterocyclic aromatic amines that contain one or more nitrogen atoms as part of a ring
• aromatic (high stable)
• they are also called nitrogenous base

Answer 2

purine and pyrimidine bases

Question 3

adenine(A) and guanine(G) are …………..

-they contain 2 rings

Answer 3

Purines

Question 4

cytosine(C) thymine(T) Uracil(U) are all …………..

-they contain 1 ring

Answer 4

pyrimidines

Question 5

characteristics of ……… :

• Aromatic
• weak acids behavior
• ability to tautomerize (enol or keto)
• absorptivity of UV light within the spectrum 260 nm (due to aromaticity)

Answer 5

nitrogenous bases

Question 6

• a nitrogenous base attached to a sugar molecule (pentose) via ß-N-glycosidic bond
• the nitrogenous base could be purine or pyrimidine
• the sugar must a cyclic ribose or 2’-deoxyribose

Answer 6

nucleoside

Question 7

what is cytidine composed of?

Answer 7

cytosine + ribose

Question 8

Nucleosides are used as :
1-
2-
3-

Answer 8

1- Antibiotic
2-Antiviral
3-Chemotherapy drug

Question 9

-nucleosides esterified (linked) with one or more phosphate groups through the 5’ hydroxyl group of a pentose sugar

Answer 9

nucleotide

Question 10

how many phosphates are in CDP?

Answer 10

2

Question 11

what type of nitrogenous base is in GTP?

Answer 11

Guanine

Question 12

examples of ……….:

• NTP (e.g. ATP, the energy currency)
• present in coenzymes (NADH/NADPH/FADH2/CoA
• cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP, (cAMp and cGMP) in cell signaling (hormone regulation)

Answer 12

Nucleotides

Question 13

what are the different components of an NTP?

Answer 13

Nucleotide(pentose sugar+nitrogen base) + 3 Phosphate

Question 14

what does ATP stand for?

Answer 14

Adenosine tri-phosphate

Question 15

how many phosphates are found in UMP?

Answer 15

MONO (one only)