17. GI Flashcards
three phases of proper digestion
Oral, gastric, and biliary/pancreatic
oral phase produces _____ which contributes to CHO breakdown
salivary amylase
biliary/pancreatic products
HCO3, pancreatic amylase, lipase, various proteases, bile
produced from stomach G cells from stretch, cephalic phase of digestion, and chewing
serum gastrin
causes HCL production and pepsinogen secretion
gastrin
gastrin shuts off by
negative feedback
superficial gastritis with normal gastrin
simple gastritis
superficial gastritis with normal gastrin or slightly elevated
atrophic gastritis
superficial gastritis with high gastrin and achlorhydric
gastric atrophy
hyperplasic gastropathy with extreme hyperacidity
Zollinger-Ellison (Z-E) syndrome
normal gastrin but increased amount of acid
hypersecretory gastropathy
decreased amount of acid but gastrin is hight
menetrier’s disease
IgM changes from H. pylori
IgM anti H. pylori antibody elevates 3-4 wks, down in 2-3 months after treatment
IgG changes from H. pylori
IgG anti-H pylori antibody elevates 2 months after infection, stays elevated for other a year after treatment
IgA changes from H. pylori
IgA anti-H pylori antibody elevates 2 months after infection, goes down 3-4 wks after treatment
used to evaluate and determine the function and integrity of the bowel
stool tests
cardinal sign if bowel is inflamed
diarrhea (malabsorption if chronic)
confirms dx of steatorrhea
fecal fat
determines the 24 hour output of fat (less than 6 grams)
3 day collection, must eat 100 grams of fat for 3 days before and throughout the test
make sure no _____ is contained in the fecal fat sample
urine
IF DIARRHEA IS UNRELENTING, what is necessary to determine presence of Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Yersinia, and pathologic E coli, Clostridium or staph?
stool culture
used for bleeds that are slow or high in GI tract and don’t result in frank blood in the stool
Stool Occult Blood
may cause bleeding or false positives
iron, NSAID’s, ASA, steroids
may give a false negative result
Vit C
