17. DSA Pulmonary Function Tests

Question 1

A low FEV1/FVC ratio (forced expiration volume in 1 second divided by the forced vital capacity) indacates?

Answer 1

an obstructive pattern, whereas a normal value indicates either a restrictive or normal pattern

Question 2

A normal FEV1/FVC ratio would indicate?

Answer 2

a restrictive or normal pattern

Question 3

What would a low forced vital capacity indicate?

Answer 3

restrictive pattern

Question 4

What are the main indications for pulmonary function testing? PFT (6)

Answer 4

1. To evaluate signs/symptoms of lung disease
2. Asses disease progression
3. Monitor effectiveness of therapy
4. To evaluate preoperative patients
5. To screen at risk people for pulm disease (smokers)
6. Monitor for toxic effects of certain drugs

Question 5

What is the measurment of the air moving in and out of the lungs during various respiratory measurments? Which allows one to determine how much air can be inhaled and exhaled and how fast

Answer 5

Spirometry

Question 6

What can spirometry not measure?

Answer 6

Total lung capacity and residual volume

Question 7

What is the maneuver when a patient inhales as deep as possible and exhales as much and long as possible?

Answer 7

Forced vital capacity (FVC)

Question 8

What is the amount of air exhaled during the first second of the FVC maneuver?

Answer 8

Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)

Question 9

What test uses carbon monoxide to measure the ability of the lungs to transfer gas?

Answer 9

Diffusing capacity

Question 10

The residual volume plus the FVC equals what?

Answer 10

Total lung capacity

Question 11

What is measured using special tests involving gas such as helium. These measurments called static lung volumes, add to the measurements obtained from spirometry.

Answer 11

Residual Volume/TLC

Question 12

If FEV1/FVC ratio is lower than normal, an obstructive defect is present. If the ratio is greater than normal, then?

Answer 12

Either spirometry test is normal or restrictive disease

Question 13

NEXT: If FVC is less than normal/lower limit, a restrictive defect is expected. The total lung capacity (if measured) can confirm…?

Answer 13

the presenc of restriction if this value is less than the predicted normal

Question 14

Spirometry is rechecked AFTER a bronchodilator is given. If FEV1 or FVC increases by 12% or 200mL that patient is said to have?

Answer 14

significant bronchodialator response

Question 15

(only if FVC is low) then If TLC is normal or elevated and the RV is significantly elevated, one can expect?

Answer 15

Air trapping

Question 16

(only if FVC is low) then If the total lung capacity is decreased, one can expect

Answer 16

mixed pattern with obstructive and restrictive

Question 17

What is the max volume of air that can be exhaled starting from maximum inspiration?

Answer 17

VC vital capacity

Question 18

What is the volume of air that is inhaled or exhaled with each breath when a person is breathing at rest?

Answer 18

TV tidal volume

Question 19

What is the total volume of air in the lungs at full inhalation (the sum of IC + FRC or IRV + VT + ERV + RV)?

Answer 19

Total lung capacity TLC

Question 20

What is the volume of air that remains in the lungs after maximal exhalation?

Answer 20

RV residual volume

Question 21

What is the maximum volume of air that can be inhaled from the end inspiratory tidal position?

Answer 21

IRV Inspiratory reserve volume

Question 22

What is the maximum volume of air that can be inhaled from tidal volume end-expiratory level (sume of IRV and TV)?

Answer 22

IC inspiratory capacity

Question 23

What is the total volume that that can be forcefully expired from a maximum inspiratory effort?

Answer 23

FVC forced vital capacity

Question 24

What is the volume of air in the lungs following a tidal volume exhalation (ERV +RV)?

Answer 24

FRC functional residual capacity

Question 25

What is the volume of air forcibly expired from a maximum inspiratory effort in the first second?

Answer 25

FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 minute

Question 26

If the FEV1/FVC ratio is normal, a low forced vital capacity (FVC) value indicates a?

Answer 26

restrictive pattern whereas a normal value indicates a normal pattern