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Ecology > #17-Biogeography > Flashcards

#17-Biogeography Flashcards

1
Q

What happens to the number of species and you increase in latitude?

A

Number decreases

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2
Q

What are spatial scales?

A

Scales are interconnected Ina hierarchical way

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3
Q

What is a global scale?

A

The whole world

- species separated by continent and oceans

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4
Q

What is a regional scale?

A

Areas with uniform climate

- species bound to dispersal in that region

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5
Q

What is a regional species pool?

A

All species contained within a region

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6
Q

What is the landscape scale?

A

Topographic and environmental features of s region

-land layout

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7
Q

What is a local scale?

A

Equivalent to a community

-physiology and interactions with other species

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8
Q

What is beta diversity?

A

Change in species number and compositions or turnover of species from one community type to another
- connects local and regional scales

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9
Q

What do the 6 biogeographic regions correspond to?

A

The tectonic plate s

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10
Q

What is vicariance?

A

Evolutionary separation of species by barriers such as those formed by continental drift

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11
Q

What is a hotspot?

A

Areas of high species richness that occur at particular longitudes

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12
Q

What is species diversification?

A

The net increase or decrease of species over time

- extinction - speciation

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13
Q

Areas that are more climatically stable have more____?

A

Species there have more time to evolve

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14
Q

What does a loss of tropic species mean for species in other areas?

A

It will cut off the supply of new species to higher latitudes
- all species originate in the tropics and move north

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15
Q

What does high productivity promote?

A

Large population size because the carrying capacity is larger

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16
Q

What is a specie area relationship?

A

Species richness increases with area sampled

17
Q

What are species area curves?

A

Plot species richness against area sampled

18
Q

What is an island?

A

Any isolated area surrounded by dissimilar habitat

19
Q

What is the equilibrium theory of island biogeography ?

A

Number of species on an island depends on a balance between immigration and extinction rates

20
Q

Why do small islands have a high rate of extinction?

A

Because of size and increase predation

21
Q

What causes extreme habitat fragmentation?

A

Deforestation, logging

22
Q

How do you maintain species diversity in forest fragments?

A

The fragments need to be larger and closer together

23
Q

What is the edge effect?

A

Seen at the transition between forest and matrix habitat

- edge is more exposed

24
Q

What is biogeography ?

A

Study of patterns of species composition and diversity across geographic locations

Ecology (12 decks)

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