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Ecology > #14-Mutualsim And Commensalism > Flashcards

#14-Mutualsim And Commensalism Flashcards

1
Q

What is mutualism?

A

Mutually beneficial interaction between individuals of 2 species

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2
Q

What is commensalism?

A

Individuals of one species benefit while individuals of the other species do not benefit and are not harmed

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3
Q

What is symbiosis?

A

Relationship in which the 2 species live in close physiological contact with each other

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4
Q

Can their be a cost to one or both partners but there is still a + overall net effect

A

Yes

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5
Q

What is a mycorrhizae?

A

Symbiotic associations between the roots and various fungi

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6
Q

What is an ectomycorrhizae?

A

Fungi grows between root cells and forms a mantle around the root

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7
Q

Arbuscular mycorrhizae

A

The fungus grows into the soil, extending away from the root, can penetrate into some of the plant root cells

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8
Q

What do herbivores depend on to metabolize cellulose?

A

Bacteria

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9
Q

Where can mutualism arise from?

A

From parasite - host interactions

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10
Q

Positive interactions are are highly

A

Species specific and obligate

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11
Q

What is a nurse plant?

A

Create ideal environments for other species and they depend on these nurse plant to survive

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12
Q

What are the 3 interactions between species?

A

Positive (benefits>costs)

Negative ( benefits

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13
Q

How can mutualism be categorized?

A

By the benefits that they result in

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14
Q

What is a tropic mutualism?

A

Mutualist receives energy or nutrients from its partner

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15
Q

What’s is a habitat mutualism?

A

One partner provides the other with shelter, living space, or favourable habitat

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16
Q

What is service mutualism?

A

One partner performs an ecological service for the other

17
Q

Mutualism partners can have costs, true are false?

A

True

- algae gives up carbs it can be using for itself and the coral gives up living space

18
Q

What are cheaters?

A

Individuals that increase offspring production by over exploiting their mutualistic partner
- penalties maybe imposed on cheaters

19
Q

Why are mutualisms maintained?

A

Because the net effect of both partners is advantageous

20
Q

What do positive interactions affect?

A

The abundance, composition and distribution of populations

21
Q

What are positive interactions?

A

Occur when neither species is handed and the benefit of the interaction are greater than the cost for at least one species

Ecology (12 decks)

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