#13-Parasitism Flashcards

1
Q

What is a parasite?

A

Consumes the tissues or bodily fluids of the organism On which it lives

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2
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

Parasite that causes disease

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3
Q

What are parasitoids?

A

Insects whose larvae feed on a single host and almost always kill in

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4
Q

What is a macroparasite?

A

Large species

- anthropods and worms

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5
Q

What are microparasites?

A

Microscopic such a bacteria

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6
Q

Parasites can either be _____ or ______

A

Generalists

Specialists

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7
Q

What are ectoparasites?

A

Live on the outer surface of the host

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8
Q

What are endoparasites?

A

Live inside their hosts

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9
Q

Which parasites can disperse more easily?

A

Ectoparasites

- endoparasites have evolved mechanisms for dispersal

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10
Q

How can hosts get rid of ecto and endoparasites ?

A

Ecto- picked off by other organisms

Endo- protected because inside the body but can get attacked by the immune system

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11
Q

What do host and parasite both do?

A

Evolved adaptations in order to outcompete the other.

- strong selection pressure

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12
Q

What can some hosts do to endoparasites?

A

Encapsulate them to make them harmless

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13
Q

How do arms races stop?

A

Because of trade offs

  • trait that improves host defences or parasites
  • may reduce growth, survival, reproduction
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14
Q

What happens when parasites reduce the survival or productions of the host?

A

Can reduce the size of the host population
Alter outcomes of species interaction
Causing communities to change

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15
Q

How can parasites influence species interaction?

A

Usually chooses the weaker competitor

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16
Q

Parasites can effect what in hosts?

A

Ability to catch prey

Behaviour

17
Q

What are ecosystem engineers?

A

Species can change the physical character if the environment

18
Q

What is a symbiont?

A

Organisms that live in or on another organism

- these hosts seem pretty normal