1.7 Flashcards
What are Enzymes
-Biological catalyst that speeds up chemical rxns
-not consumed during rxn
Things about the Enzyme
-most are proteins
-breaks down/builds molecules
-very specific shape reacts with specific substances
What is a Substrate
-specific reactant that binds to an Enzyme
-the enzyme will either break the substrant into two or combine two into one
Around how many enzymes do cells need
4000 different
What is an active site
The small pocket/groove in an enzyme that binds to the substrante
What is the Induced-Fit Hypothesis
before substrates bind to the enzyme the enzyme slightly changes it’s structure so the active site is more precises in binding
What is enzyme substrate complex
-Enzyme plus substrate structure
What is a cofactor
-A non-protein group that binds to enzyme and helps with the function
-made of metal such as copper, iron, zinc
What is a coenzyme
-organic molecule that act as cofactor of enzyme
-may be derived from vitamins
What affects the rate of reaction
The rate of reaction is proportional to the enzyme concentration
What is saturation level
-if the amount of enzyme is at a constant concentration, then increasing the substrate will increase the rate of reaction to a point
What is an Enzyme Inhibitor
-Something that binds to enzymes to inhibit activity
What is a competitive inhibitor
-something that binds to active sites, and prevents from binding
What is a non-competitive inhibitor
something that binds to enzymes and changes its shape
Can inhibitors be reversible
May be reversible or irreversible
