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Chapter 1 Grade 12 Bio > 1.4 > Flashcards

1.4 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are Carbohydrates

A

Large, simple molecules such as C,H,O

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2
Q

What do Carbohydrates do

A

-preform complex cellular functions
-provides cellular structural support
-energy source
cell to cell communication
-used to build important molecules

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3
Q

What are monosaccharides

A

-single sugar molecule
-most contain 3,5,6 carbons
-line or ring structures in water
-soluble in water

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4
Q

What is an isomer

A

something formed from simple sugars

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5
Q

the two types of OH groups

A

a-glucose = digestible
b-glucose = indigestible

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6
Q

what are Disaccharides

A

carbohydrates made of two monosaccharides

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7
Q

What are the bonds of Disaccharides

A

Glycosidic bonds which are bonds of two monosaccharides

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8
Q

What are polysaccharides

A

more than 2 linked monosaccharides

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9
Q

what is polymerization

A

the linking of small subunits to make large molecules

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10
Q

What is the difference between monomer and polymer

A

monomer is a single subunit
polymer is a large molecule formed when monomers are linked together

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11
Q

what is cellulose

A

provides structural support for plants and is the most abundant molecule

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12
Q

What is starch

A

something that stores sugar in plants

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13
Q

What is Glycogen

A

something that stores sugars in animal

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14
Q

What is chitin

A

The structural component in insects/fungi

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15
Q

What are lipids

A

Non polar compound made up of mainly C and H and it is Hydrophobic

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16
Q

What ceplext functions do lipids do

A

-form cell membrane
-energy source
-Hormones
-Waterproofing
-insulation
-cushioning

17
Q

What are Fatty Acids

A

-The structural backbone of most Lipids
-made of Carboxyl group and Hydrocarbon chain

18
Q

What are Fats

A

A combination of fatty acid + glycerol molecule

19
Q

What are saturated fats

A

-composed of saturated fatty acids with single bonds
-Solid at room temperature

20
Q

What are unsaturated Fats

A

-unsaturated fatty acids with double bonds
-Liquid at room temperature

21
Q

What are phospholipids

A

-two hydrophobic fatty acid tails + hydrophilic phosphate group bound to glycerol head

22
Q

What are steroids

A

-4 carbon rings
-small differences in between each side group

23
Q

What are waxes

A

-long fatty acid chain joined to alcohol ring /carbon ring
-hydrophobic due to the waterproof coat

Chapter 1 Grade 12 Bio (6 decks)

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