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History- Civil War > 1629-1640 > Flashcards

1629-1640 Flashcards

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1
Q

How did Charles reform the court?

A

Wanted to make it more orderly: progression of rooms imposed a hierarchy and wedged a ga[ between “court and country”

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2
Q

What were the main Prerogative Courts?

A

. The Star Chamber
. The Court of High Commission
. The Council of the North
. The Council of the Welsh Marshes

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3
Q

Name some of Charles’ mines?

A

. Custom Duties
. Distraint of Knighthood
. Forest Fines
. Monopolies
. Ship Money

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4
Q

What was the process of searching for dormant sources of income called?

A

Fiscal Fuedalism

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5
Q

When did Charles publish the Book of Orders?

A

1631

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6
Q

What was the Book of Orders?

A

A publication which laid down clearer procedure for organising local government. Charles wanted to instil order and uniformity in England, but ex-MPs feared a rise in absolutism.

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7
Q

What did Charles do to remain financially independent of Parliament?

A

. Fiscal Feudalism
. Peace with France and Spain (1629/1630)

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8
Q

How much money did Fiscal Feudalism generate?

A

Raised Charles’ annual income from £600,000 to £900,000.

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9
Q

What was Popish soap?

A

Charles sold the monopoly on soap to a Catholic which outraged the Puritans. This monopoly earned Charles £33,000.

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10
Q

When did Strafford become Lord Deputy of Ireland?

A

1632

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11
Q

When did Laud become Archbishop of Canterbury

A

1633

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12
Q

When was Ship Money raised?

A

1634

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13
Q

When was Ship Money raised to inland counties?

A

1635

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14
Q

How much of Ship Money was paid?

A

About 90% of the tax was paid before 1638. In total, it raised around £190,000 a year, all of which was spent on the navy.

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15
Q

When was the Ship Money Trial?

A

1637

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16
Q

What happened at the Ship Money Trial?

A

John Hampden put on trial for refusing to pay Ship Money. Oliver St John acted as his lawyer. Charles won by a narrow majority (7 to 5) and it established his precedent to collect the tax.

17
Q

What type of religious performance did Charles love?

A

Masques

18
Q

Which artist did Charles particularly patronise?

A

Van Dyck

19
Q

What were the successes of Charles’ financial policies?

A

. Crown revenue increased by 25% and the royal debt was halved from £2 million to around £1 million by 1637.
. Allowed Charles to be financially independent of Parliament until 1640.

20
Q

What were the failures of Charles’ financial policies?

A

. His methods were legally dubious
. He alienated the City of London banks
. Taxes such as Ship Money generated a lot of opposition

21
Q

What were Laud’s Church Reforms

A

. Beautification of Churches
. Altar Policy
. Book of Sports
. Re-introduction of the Catechism
. Campaigned against unlicenced preaching and Feofees

22
Q

Why were people unhappy with the Laudian reforms?

A

Fear that Charles was moving towards Catholicism

23
Q

When did Charles try to impose the English Prayer Book in Scotland?

A

1637

24
Q

How many subsidies did Wentworth manage to convince the Irish Parliament to grant Charles?

A

6

25
Q

Who wrote the pamphlet “Histriomatrix” criticising the Queen?

A

William Prynne- 1633

26
Q

When did the riot break out in St Giles Church?

A

23rd July 1637

27
Q

When was the National Covenant formed?

A

1638

28
Q

What were the terms of the Covenant?

A

. All who signed pledged to defend Scotland’s rights to decide its own path in religion and government.
. Scotland should have a Parliament free from the King’s interference.
. It demanded the abolition of bishops, who were seen as servants of the King.

29
Q

When was the First Bishop’s War?

A

1639

30
Q

How did the Scottish Rebellion affect the collection of Ship Money?

A

Collection plummeted from 90% to 20%

31
Q

How much money did Charles spend on fighting the Scots in 1639?

A

£185,000

32
Q

When was the Passification of Berwick signed?

A

June 1639

33
Q

What were the terms of the Passification of Berwick?

A

. The King agreed to authorise a new General Assembly of the Kirk in August, to be followed by a meeting of the Scottish Parliament.
. Both sides agreed to disband their armies.

34
Q

How long did the Short Parliament last?

A

Less than a month

35
Q

How did Charles raise money for the Second Bishop’s War without Parliament?

A

He confiscated £30,000 worth of gold and silver from the City of London merchants

36
Q

How many Covenanters were on the English border in October 1640?

A

20,000

37
Q

What was the Treaty of Ripon?

A

The treaty which ended the Second Bishop’s War

38
Q

What were the terms of the Treaty of Ripon?

A

England had to pay Scotland £850 a day while they occupied Newcastle, until a permanent settlement was reached

History- Civil War (6 decks)

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