1625-1629

Question 1

When did Charles I become king?

Answer 1

1625

Question 2

What religious branch did Charles favour?

Answer 2

Arminianism

Question 3

What was the name of the book that James I wrote Charles?

Answer 3

Basilikon Doron- about the Divine Right Of Kings

Question 4

When was the Palatinate Crisis?

Answer 4

1618-1626

Question 5

What was the consequence of the Palatinate Crisis?

Answer 5

Increase in anti-Catholic feeling in England
James tried to solve it diplomatically by arranging a match between Charles and the Spanish Infanta

Question 6

Why did the Spanish Match fail?

Answer 6

The Spanish demanded that Charles convert to Catholicism, Edmund Verney ended up slapping a Catholic priest in the face and they were forced to leave.

Question 7

When did James declare war on Spain?

Answer 7

1624

Question 8

Why was Buckingham hated at court?

Answer 8

. Had enormous influence over the king
. Controlled access to the King
. Controlled patronage at court

Question 9

What happened at Cadiz in 1625?

Answer 9

Buckingham led an attack on the Spanish port of Cadiz, hoping to draw resources away from the Palatinate. It was a huge military failure as soldiers were untrained and poorly armed. Sailors raided wine cellars and got drunk.

Question 10

What was the consequence of Cadiz?

Answer 10

Huge military failure, humiliating for England. Buckingham was blamed.

Question 11

Who did Charles marry in 1625?

Answer 11

Henrietta Maria

Question 11

Who did Charles marry in 1625?

Answer 11

Henrietta Maria
French Princess, daughter of Henri VI
France was the enemy of Spain

Question 12

What was Henrietta Maria’s dowry?

Answer 12

£240,000

Question 13

Why was Henrietta Maria unpopular?

Answer 13

. Catholic, brought rumours of a Catholic Conspiracy
. French

Question 14

When was the Mansfield Expedition?

Answer 14

1625

Question 15

What happened at the Mansfield Expedition?

Answer 15

. An attempt to attack the Hapsburgs in Northern Germany
. Of the 6,000 soldiers sent to fight, 4,000 died of disease and starvation

Question 16

When was the York House Conference?

Answer 16

1626

Question 17

What happened at the York House Conference?

Answer 17

Buckingham defended Arminianism in the name of Charles, increased fears of a Catholic conspiracy

Question 18

Why did Charles become disillusioned with Parliament in 1625?

Answer 18

They only granted him Tonnage and Poundage for one year, ignoring the precedent from Henry VII of having it for life.
Charles felt that Parliament were not respecting his Divine Right and Royal Prerogative.

Question 19

who said, ‘our ships are sunk, our men perished, not by the enemy… but by those we trust’?

Answer 19

Sir John Elliot

Question 20

What happened at the start of the 1626 Parliamemt?

Answer 20

Charles had the bishop William Laud to deliver an Arminian sermon in support of divine right, this angered MPs

Question 21

How many subsidies did Parliament offer Charles in exchange for Buckingham’s impeachment?

Answer 21

4

Question 22

Who did Charles appoint as his personal Chaplain?

Answer 22

Richard Montague

Question 23

Why was Richard Montague unpopular?

Answer 23

He was an Arminian preacher who denied that the Pope was the Anti-Christ

Question 24

When did Charles declare war on France?

Answer 24

1627

Question 25

How many troops had been billeted for wars between 1625-1627?

Answer 25

50,000

Question 26

When was the Forced Loan Raised?

Answer 26

September 1627

Question 27

What happened at La Rochelle 1627?

Answer 27

Buckingham led troops to La Rochelle to aid the Protestant Huguenots. The event was a disaster and only 3,000 of the 6,800 soldiers made it back alive.

Question 28

What was the Forced Loan?

Answer 28

A request for money to the gentry directly from the King to fund his wars, which was unlikely to ever be repaid.

Question 29

Why was the Forced Loan unpopular?

Answer 29

. It was interest free and unlikely to ever be repaid
. Charles only raised it due to his desire to protect Buckingham prevented him from calling Parliament for subsidies
. Refusers were threatened with imprisonment or conscription into the army.

Question 30

What was the 5 Knight’s Case?

Answer 30

. In 1627, 5 Gentlemen refused to pay the Forced Loan and were imprisoned without charge or trial.
. They demanded a trial to test the legality of the Forced Loan.
. Judges reluctantly voted in favour of Charles and the King used it to establish a legal precedent that he could imprison anyone without cause

Question 31

How much of the Forced Loan was actually paid?

Answer 31

Around £267,000 (70%)

Question 32

How much money did Charles need by 1628?

Answer 32

Around £500,00

Question 33

When was the Petition of Right?

Answer 33

1628

Question 34

Who wrote the Petition of Right?

Answer 34

Edward Coke

Question 35

What were the terms of the Petition of Right?

Answer 35

. No more Forced Loans
. No imprisonment without trial
. No billeting of soldiers or use of martial law on civilians

Question 36

How many subsidies was Charles offered to sign the Petition of Right?

Answer 36

5

Question 37

When was Buckingham assassinated?

Answer 37

23rd August 1628 by John Felton

Question 38

How did Charles react to the death of Buckingham?

Answer 38

He withdrew into his marriage with HM

Question 39

How did Charles undermine the Petition of Right?

Answer 39

He continued to collect Tonnage and Poundage, arguing that the petition hadn’t expressly forbidden it.

Question 40

Which religious developments after 1628 concerned parliament?

Answer 40

. William Laud was made Bishop of London
. Richard Montague was made Archbishop of Chichester
. He withdrew into his marriage with the Catholic queen
. He stopped collecting recusancy fines

Question 41

When did Charles send the Black Rod to dissolve Parliament?

Answer 41

2nd March 1629

Question 42

Who held the speaker in his chair?

Answer 42

Sir John Elliot

Question 43

Who shouted out the 3 Resolutions?

Answer 43

Denzil Holles