16. The Conservative Response to Change Flashcards
What year in the 1840’s did Peel become Prime Minister again?`
1841
When was peacetime income tax introduced?
1842
When was the Mines Act passed?
1842
When was the Devon Commission?
1843
When was the Factory Act passed under Peel?
1844
When was the Bank Charter Act passed?
1844
When was the Joint Stock Companies Act passed?
1844
When was free trade increased by abolishing duties on raw materials?
1845
When was the Maynooth Grant increased?
1845
When was the start of the Irish famine?
1845
When was the Repeal of the Corn Laws?
1846
How big was the Conservative majority in the 1841 general election?
76 seats
What huge problem did the Conservative ministry of 1841 face?
A huge deficit left by the previous Whig government
Who made up Peel’s Cabinet?
William Gladstone, Lord Stanley, Lord Aberdeen, James Graham, the Duke of Buckingham
What rate was income tax when it was introduced by Peel in 1842?
Earning over £150 year year- 7p per £1
Why was this a fair way of introducing income tax
It was a small percentage (3%) and excluded the working class and those who couldn’t afford to pay
How much did Peel estimate that income tax would raise?
£4 million
How much was the deficit by 1841?
£2.5 million
What percentage of government income was due to income tax by 1845?
10%
How did Peel boost free trade?
He reduced duties on imported sugar, and abolished duties on raw cotton and other raw materials
What percentage of duties remained after the 1845 budget?
10%
What was putting pressure on Peel’s Conservative Government?
The Chartists, misery and hardship caused by the economic slump, poor harvests and falling export markets
When was Chadwick’s report on Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Classes
1842
When did Graham try to introduce compulsory education for two hours a day for factory children, and why was it rejected?
1843- There were arguments from MPs and groups that it was (traditionally) up to the Church to provide education
How did Peel think he could gain the support of the Catholic Church in Ireland
By increasing the annual grant to Maynooth (Catholic college where Priests received their training)
