1.6 Plant Oils

Question 1

How can vegetable oil be extracted?

Answer 1

By crushing and pressing
OR
By steam distillation

Question 2

Alkane

Answer 2

Saturated hydrocarbon e.g with single bonds

Question 3

Alkene

Answer 3

Unsaturated hydrocarbon e.g with double carbon to carbon bonds

Question 4

Test for alkenes?

Answer 4

Add bromine water and solution turns from orange👉colourless.

Question 5

Hardening

Answer 5

Changing a liquid oil ( unsaturated fat) into a solid fat ( saturated fat).

Question 6

What catalyst is used in the hardening process and what is the temperature?

Answer 6

(Powdered) Nickel catalyst

60 Degrees Celsius

Question 7

Vegetable oils which are hardened using hydrogen are called…

Answer 7

Hydrogenated oil

Question 8

Tryglycerides

Answer 8

Are the main constituents of natural fats and oils.

Question 9

Emulsifiers

Answer 9

Keep oil/animal fats dispersed as small droplets in water.

Question 10

Water loving?

Answer 10

Hydrophilic

Question 11

Water hating?

Answer 11

Hydrophobic

Question 12

Micelle

Answer 12

The structure of an emulsifier molecule forming a sphere around a droplet of oil.

Question 13

Monosaturated

Answer 13

Fat molecules that have one unsaturated double carbon to carbon bond

Question 14

Polyunsaturated

Answer 14

Fat molecules that have more than one carbon to carbon double bonds.

Question 15

What can happen if you consume a diet high in trans-fats?

Answer 15

It can lead to high cholesterol levels, therefore leading to heart disease, strokes and heart attacks.

Question 16

Food additives

Answer 16

Substances which are added to food to help keep food for longer (longer shelf life) and to improve taste or appearance or texture.