16. Allergic and immune disorders

Question 1

What immunoglobulin is primarily responsible for allergic reactions and where is it released from?

Answer 1

IgE

tissue mast cells
peripheral blood basophils

Question 2

Patients which what disease are more at risk for more serious allergic reactions?

Answer 2

asthma

Question 3

To diagnose anaphylaxis a triggering event must occur within what time of onset?

Answer 3

2 hours (usually shorter)

Question 4

What about % of allergic reactions are bi-phasic (symptoms recur 2-8 hours, up to 72 later)?

Answer 4

20%

Question 5

What is the difference between chronic and acute urticaria?

Answer 5

Acute: up to 6 weeks, identifiable cause
Chronic: 6+ weeks, idiopathic

Question 6

What is hereditary angioedema?

Answer 6

Autosomal dominant disorder due to deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor

Question 7

What are the s/s of hereditary angioedema?

Answer 7

non-pitting, non-erythematous edema that is painful

lasts 2-5 days

Question 8

What areas does hereditary angioedema most commonly affect?

Answer 8

lips, eyelids, tongue, extremities, genitalia

Question 9

What types of medications are used for prophylaxis treatment of hereditary angioedema?

Answer 9

Danazol

Cinryze

Question 10

What types of medications are used for treatment of acute attacks of hereditary angioedema?

Answer 10

Berinert

Kalbitor

Question 11

Are Epi and antihistamines recommended for treatment of hereditary angioedema?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

What types of food allergies often persist into adulthood?

Answer 12

peanuts
tree nuts
fish
shellfish

Question 13

Patients with what medical comorbidities are at higher risk of a latex allergy?

Answer 13

spina bifida 
spinal cord trauma 
urogenital and GI malformations
neurogenic bladder
hydrocephalus with VP shunts
pts who had a surgery before age 1

Question 14

What is the most common chronic medical condition of childhood

Answer 14

asthma