15. Skyscraper Flashcards
The atrium skylight in a single-loaded corridor office building would be located at the _______.
top, center of the building
Besides the Roman house, what was the other historical precedent for the interior atrium of 19th Century skyscrapers?
Renaissance palazzo
Sketch the standard massing scheme of a New York skyscraper designed in the 1870s:
.
The style closest to describing the Equitable Life Insurance Building was ___________.
2nd Empire
Why is the Equitable Building considered by many historians to be the first skyscraper?
elevator increased the floor to floor height
The first skyscraper designed (but not built) in Chicago was the ______________.
Kendall Building
The Renaissance palazzo provided what two precedents for the early skyscraper:
planning/elevations, and massing
__________ was the tallest building under construction in the U.S. during the last 25 years of the 19th Century.
Philadelphia City Hall
___________ is now being given credit for designing what most historians regard as the first skyscraper in the U.S.
Post
___________ would have been the first skyscraper erected in Chicago had the 1871 fire not occurred.
Kendall Building
What was the conventional color scheme of many of the buildings designed in the U.S. during the 1870s?
polychrome, red and gray stone
The tallest building (exclude any “structures”) under construction in the U.S. during the 1870s was:
Philadelphia City Hall
What is the geopolitical significance of Chicago’s location at the time of its founding?
link between Great Lakes and Mississippi River
Name two 19th Century American writers whose search for an American style paralleled with the work of Richardson, Root, and Sullivan:
- Twain
2. Whitman
What two advantages did Root’s iron reinforced pad foundation have over the traditional foundations of time?
- less depth needed
2. saved weight by eliminating stone pyramid
Was Richardson responsible for bringing the “box” to Chicago? Explain.
No, Root did it before Richardson; Richardson improved form.
According to Larson, the major departure from Root’s prior designs in Richardson’s design of the Marshall Field Wholesale Store was _________.
eliminates layering of floors, creates vertical emphasis
List three technical innovations incorporated in the design and construction of the Rookery:
- elevation with iron skeletal frame, single width of bricks
- modern concrete pad foundation
- terra cotta fire proofing
What was a difference between the massing of a 1870s skyscraper in New York and a 1880s skyscraper in Chicago?
New York: topped with tower to gain height
Chicago: simple extrusion of lot, didn’t need “high profile” image
Name two buildings that used the progression of layered arcades as their elevational idea prior to the Field Wholesale store:
- New York Tribune Building
2. New York Produce Exchange
The first skyscraper built in Chicago, the __________, was designed by ___________.
Montauk Block
Burnham & Root
Larson credits Richardson with what achievement in the design of the Field Wholesale store?
elimination of demarcation of floors in the middle of the body of the building
The atrium skylight in the Rookery is located at the __________.
center, second floor
List two technical first developed by Root that allowed the skyscraper to evolve in Chicago:
- non-load bearing masonry wall with iron skeletal frame
2. pad foundation instead of previous pyramid style
The __________ was the last tall masonry bearing wall office building erected in Chicago.
Monadnock
The first use of iron columns in the exterior of a skyscraper was the _____________.
Shillito’s Department Store
