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adv chemistry > 1.5 reaction feasibility > Flashcards

1.5 reaction feasibility Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the feasibility of a reaction?

A

whether it will spontaneously take place

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2
Q

what is a standard enthalpy of formation? (ΔH°f)

A

the enthalpy change when one mole of a substance is formed from its elements in their standard state

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3
Q

what is the standard state of a substance?

A

it’s most stable state at standard conditions

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4
Q

what is standard conditions?

A

pressure of 1 atmosphere and a specified temperature, usually room temp

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5
Q

what is room temp?

A

298K, 25 degrees

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6
Q

what is standard enthalpy of formation for an element?

A

zero

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7
Q

where can enthalpy of formation values be found?

A

page 11 of the data booklet

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8
Q

what is a spontaneous/feasible reaction?

A

one which happens if it’s own accord and doesn’t need energy input

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9
Q

what will a feasible reaction tend towards?

A

the products

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10
Q

what is entropy (S)?

A

a measure of the degree of disorder

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11
Q

the greater the entropy, the greater the…

A

disorder

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12
Q

what level of disorder do solids have?

A

low

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13
Q

what level of disorder do gases have?

A

high

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14
Q

what entropy value does a crystal lattice at absolute zero (0K) have?

A

zero

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15
Q

what do entropy values increase with?

A

temperature

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16
Q

when does a gradual increase in entropy change to a large increase on the temperature graph?

A

when a change in state occurs

17
Q

how does heat released by an exothermic reaction alter the entropy?

A

it increases it

18
Q

how does heat absorbed by an endothermic reaction system alter the entropy?

A

it decreases it

19
Q

what is the standard entropy? (ΔS)

A

the entropy of a substance at its standard state

20
Q

where are values of standard entropy found?

A

page 18 of the data booklet

21
Q

what does Gibbs free energy (ΔG) represent?

A

the excess energy available beyond what is needed to make the reaction spontaneous

22
Q

what does it mean if ΔG is less than 0?

A

reaction is feasible/spontaneous

23
Q

what does it mean if ΔG is 0?

A

reaction is just feasible/at equilibrium

24
Q

what does it mean if ΔG is greater than 0?

A

reaction is not feasible/spontaneous

25
Q

a reversible reaction proceeds spontaneously until…

A

a composition is reached where ΔG is 0

26
Q

when calculating ΔG, which value must be divided by 1000?

A

ΔS

adv chemistry (22 decks)

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