1.4 chemical equilibrium Flashcards
what occurs at dynamic equilibrium?
the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal
where does dynamic equilibrium occur?
in a closed system where no substances can be added or removed but energy can be transferred
what occurs at equilibrium?
the concentrations of the reactants and products remain constant but not necessarily equal
what does the equilibrium constant characterise?
the equilibrium composition of the reaction mixture (i.e. quantities of R and P)
what do the capital letters in the equilibrium equation represent?
the equilibrium concentrations of each reactant
what do the lower-case letters in the equilibrium equation represent?
the stoichiometric coefficients of each reactant from the equation
which value are pure solids and liquids given in the equilibrium expression?
1, so are not included
the greater the value of K…
the greater the concentration of products
the further the equilibrium lies to the right
what does the chatelier’s principle state?
that if a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by a change in conditions, its position will move to counteract that change
what effect does concentration have on K?
none
increasing product concentration…
shifts equilibrium to the left
increasing reactant concentration…
shift equilibrium to the right
which kind of system does pressure affect?
systems with gases
increasing pressure…
shifts equilibrium to the side with fewer gas molecules
what effect does pressure have on K?
none
