15. Printers and multi-function print devices Flashcards
Which component in a laser printer is most subject to mechanical wear due to heat and pressure, and requries regular cleaning or replacement
fuser assembly
What is the most economical and recommended method to maintain and repair a laser jet printer
use a maintenance kit
Which component in a laser printer becomes extremely hot and should be allowed to cool before performing preventative maintenance
fuser
Which type of laser printer problem can be prevented by ensureing that the paper tray is inserted properly, keeping humidy levels moderate, and by using high quality paper
paper jam problem
What should you do if printed documents continue to have missing colors even after calibrating the printer
install a new ink or toner cartridge
What could be the most probable reason when a laser printer takes a conderable amount of processing time for printing high-resolution images
low memory
Which laser printer component should be cleaned if the printed paper has streaks on it
the transfer corona wire
What should you do first when troubleshooting a printer for not printing text and images properly
Print a test page
A dot-matrix printer is printing only one-half of each character. Which component is causing this problem
print head
Which environmental factor can cause multiple sheet feeding and paper jam problems in printers
humidity
What would be the most probable reason for toner spillage in a new laser printer
defective cartridge
What should you do if your printer does not print full colors correctly even after installing the correct drivers and toner cartridges
calibrate the printer
What should you ensure before calibrating your printer if the printer is not printing full colors correctly
Ensure you are using the correct printer driver
Which substance is used to clean a laser printer
isopropyl alcohol solution
How can you ensure that a user can print to the same printer from any application?
set the printer as the default printer
What is the MOST likely reason for poor quality, smudged characters, and badly formed characters printed by a dot-matrix printer
A damaged pin in a print head and a damaged printer ribbon
Which component of an inject printer should be replaced when the print quality decreases
inkjet cartridge
What maintenance must your perform on an inket printer that you suspect has clogged ink in the print head
Run the cleaning cycle on the printer
On which component of a laser printer is an electrostatic image of a document created
drum
Which feature of a printer stores output from a computer until it can be printed
print buffer
Which type of printer used water-soluble ink droplets to print a document
inkjet printer
Which printer uses special paper and ink that degerates over time
thermal printer
What writes the image on the drum in a laser printer
laser light
Which Windows service loads file to memory for later printing
print spooler
Which component of a laser printer acquires a deposit of toner on its surface
developer roller
Which component of a laser printer is responsible for transferring the toner to the paper from the drum
transfer roller
Which type of ventilation is appropriate for an ideal environment to operate a laser printer
filtered ventilation
Which type of floor is an ideal environment to operate a laser printer
tiled floor
Which type of printer transfer ink to the media similar to the action of a typewriter
impact or dot-matrix printer
Which type of pritner prints a document by selectively heating a coated paper
thermal printer
Which printer uses a print head containing a number of metal pins
impact printer
Which print head in a dot-matrix printer will produce higher resolution
24 pin
Which powdery substance is used to print text and graphics in laser printers
toner
What is the main disadvantage of performing low-resolution printing
low print quality
What is the main advantage of performing low-resolution printing
high speed printing
What are the two page orientations that can be selected for printing a page
- Portraint / Vertical
- Landscape / Horizontal
Which term is used as a measurement of print resolution
dots per inch (dpi)
Which term is used a measurement of print speed
pages per minute (PPM)
which type of printing prints an entire copy of a document together before starting the next copy of a document
collated printing
which tab in the printer properties dialog box in Windows is used to set the amount of printer memory to be used by a laser printer
The device settings tab
3D printer
a printer that builds physical objects using raw materials such as plastic, metal, plaster, or even living tissues instead of placing text or images onto the paper
Daisy-wheel
a type of impact printer which uses a wheel-shaped printing mechansim containing predefined character glyphs arranged like petals on a flower
duplexing assembly
a feature that automatically revereses a piece of paper after the first side has been pritned, allowing the printer to print on both sides of a single sheet of paper
impact printer
a printer that works by banging a print head or needle against an ink ribbon to make a mark on the paper, very similar to an old typewriter
inkjet printer
a printer which uses ink-dispersion and wet ink to transfer an image onto paper
laser printer
a printer which uses focused light, electrical charges, and a dry powder ink (called toner) to transfer an image onto paper
piezo-electric technology
a method in which current is applied to a piezo crystal at the read of the ink reservoir
thermal printer
a printer which uses heat to create images on paper
virtual printer
an application that replicates the software interface for a physical printer and allows the user to carry out various tasks withotu actually printing anything
The six stages to laser printing
-
Cleaning: A physical and electrical process cleans the previous image off the photosensitive drum
- Excess toner is scraped off the dump by a rubber cleaning balde into a debris cavity called a hopper (some printers use a wire with AC voltage to rmove the charge from the drump surface, allowing the excess toner to drop off the drum
- Lubrication is applied to the heat roller to esnure an even transfer of the next image
- Charging: The primary cona wire applies a negative charge to the photosensitive drum as the surface of the drump rolls across the surface of the conditioning roller. This removes any electrical charges that might remain from the previous image
- Exposing: The laser prjects the image on the photosensitive drum. Where the lights hits the drum, the negative charge is dissipate to the grounded center of the drum. This results in areas with a lower negative charge than the rest of the drum. These areas create an electical image of the print data on the surface of the drum
- Developing: The drum passes by a developing roller covered in toner. The toner is a negatively-charged combination of pastic and metal particles. Areas of the drum where the laser hits lose their electical charge, this attracts the negatively charged toner from the control blade of the roller. Areas on the drum that still have a negative charge repel the toner. This creates a mirror image of what is to printed in toner on the drum
- Transferring: Pick rollers grab a signle sheet of paper from the paper tray or manual feed slot and move it into the printer. A separator pad (commonly two or three inches wide) placed in the middle of the paper path keeps the pick up to one paper at a time. Once the paper moves into the printer, it receives a positive charge as it passes through the secondary corona wire or transfer roller. The negatively charged toner is attracted to the positively charged paper and transfers from the drum to the paper
- Fusing: The paper passes through a set of rollers that apply heat and uniform pressure to the paper and toner, curing the image onto the paper. As the paper passes by a static eliminator strip, it neutralizes and remaining electrical charges on the paper. This prevents the paper from jamming in other areas of the printer
transfer belt
Used by some color laser printers to prevent registration errors. The belt passes in from the toner cartridges and each toner layer is applied to the belt. The combined layers are then applied from the transfer belt to the drum in a single step
registration errors (printer)
slight misalignments between the application of different colors onto the drum. This can cause color fringing, blurring, or streaking along the edges of the printed colors.
Two methods of inkjet printing
- high-pressure pump or a piezo-electic crystal generating acousting waves creates a continuous stream of ink droplets sprayed on the paper
- Drop on Demand: the print driversoftware specifies which nozzles squirt small droplets of ink onto the paper at speeds of approximately 5000 times a second.
DOD
drop on demand
Two methods DOD (drop on demand) inkjets disperse ink through the print head nozzles
- Thermal technology: tiny heating elements heat the ink to create a bubble. Pressure forces the bubble to burst and eject ink droplets onto the paper from the print head’s nozzle (300-600 nozzles the diameter of human hair). After the bubble collapses, the element cools, which causes a vacuum to form drawing ink from the reservoir to replace the ink that was ejected
- Piezo-electric technology: a current is applied to a piezo crystal at the rear of the ink reservoir. The current causes it to flex and force a drop of ink out of the nozzle. (This is an epson properitery inkjet techology)
Three standard output settings for inkjet printers
- Normal : 300x300 or 320x320 dpi
- High quality: 600x600 or 720x720 dpi
- Quality: 1200x1200, 1440x1440, 2880x1440 and up
The three types of impact printers
- Daisy-wheel
- Dot matrix
- Line
Three common technologies incorporated into a multifunction printer
- scanner
- fax
- copier
Common outputs for a virtual printer
- Print preview
- XPS
- Image
- Print to file (same data that would be sent to the printer, but saves as a file that can then be printed later … used to be popular with PS compat printers, but not as common with PDF and XPS)
- Fax
FFF
forced filament fabrication
FDM
fused deposition modeling
Fused depostion modeling (FDM)
another name for forced filament fabrication (FFF)
fused depostion modeling (FFF)
- type of 3d printer typcically used in office or at home
- uses a spool of plastic filament, which the printer melts and extrudes into layers, gradually creating the output object
