15: Preschool and Formal Education Experiences and Work and Career Experiences, 16: Endings Flashcards
Social promotion and theory behind it!
practice of promoting children to the next grade even when they have not met the academic standards to progress
if kids move forward, they will eventually catch up to their peers, but if they’re held back, it can hurt their self-esteem and sense of competency
Grade retention
practicing of holding children back (because they didn’t meet standards)
purpose is for them to catch up, but the outcome of this practice wasn’t good. If they were held back because they missed a lot of school, this behavior may persist even if they are held back.
They shower poor academic performance throughout their academic years
How parents influence motivation - parents with a fixed view of ability
these parents provide few opportunities for children to improve and can ignore positive changes that children show
results in children to have learned helplessness and it inhibits the children’s desire to succeed and foster helplessness
How parents influence motivation - parents with a changeable view of ability
mostly authoritative parents. They encourage children to explore their environment and allows them to take an active role in solving their own problems
How parents influence vocational choices
SES and parent’s occupational fields influence career choice. They share similar personality characteristics and abilities with their children, which can influence education attainment
Work-life balance
the challenge of finding time and energy for both a career and personal pursuits, like family. The boundaries between work and home are blurred. Some people are expected to bring work home and be available during non-working hours
Mortality - leading causes of death for infants, children, adolescents, adults, and seniors
Infants: genetic, prenatal, and birth complications, SIDS
Childhood: accidents, illnesses, homicide (child maltreatment)
Adolescents: accidents (car, drowning, unintentional poisoning/drugs), illnesses, homicide, suicide
Adulthood: cancer, heart disease, injury, chronic illnesses (diabetes and diseases of liver and respiratory system)
Old people: chronic illnesses (heart disease), strokes, alzheimer’s disease
Bereavement in childhood
children usually experience grief for their parents for a longer time than adults do. This may affect developmental milestones and they will lack the emotional support they once had
Grieving children - how they may handle it
feeling that the parent is watching them or they dream about them. They hold onto symbolic objects and may even try to communicate with them
