1.5 Plants And Photosynthesis Flashcards
Photosynthesis happens inside what?
Sub cellular structures called chloroplasts that contain enzymes that catalyse the reactions of photosynthesis.
What do chloroplasts also contain?
Chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy.
Photosynthesis equation?
CO2+water—>glucose+oxygen
Plants use glucose for what?
Respiration, making cellulose, making proteins, stored as starch or stored as oil or fats.
The rate of photosynthesis can be affected by?
Light intensity, CO2 concentration and temperature.
What can be used to measure the rate of photosynthesis?
Pondweed and leaves
How to show that carbon dioxide is needed for photosynthesis?
The starch test. Destarch plants, keep plant in sealed jar with dilute sodium hydroxide solution and do starch test to see colour change.
What is the waxy cuticle?
Waterproof layer, prevents water loss from leaf, water needed to maintain structure.
What is the upper epidermis?
Transparent, protective layer but allows light through to palisade layer.
What is the palisade layer?
Cells are tall and thin, contain many chloroplasts, increases surface area for light absorption.
What is the stomata?
Made of 2 guard cells, controls water loss, enlarge or shrink to open/close a hole.
What is xylem?
Involved in transport of minerals, cellulose in cell walls of plant cells reinforce the tubes.
What is phloem?
Multidirectional, carries sugar, positioned outside the xylem tissue but still in the centre of the stem.
What is water used for?
Photosynthesis, transport of minerals and provides support by filling cell vacuoles which push against cell walls making them turgid and prevents wilting and becoming flaccid.
Factors affecting transpiration?
Temperature, humidity, wind speed
