1.2 Respiration And The Respiratory System In Humans Flashcards
Living things carry out the 7 life processes
Movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion and nutrition. (MRSGREN)
Respiration provides energy for?
Muscle contraction, nerve impulses, cell division and protein synthesis
The process of respiration also releases energy in the form of what? To do what?
Heat, to maintain the high body temperature of mammals and birds
What does respiration involve?
Chemical reactions that break down nutrient molecules in living cells to release energy
What does Aerobic respiration need?
Oxygen
What is aerobic respiration?
The release of a relatively large amount of energy in cells by the breakdown of food substances in the presence of oxygen.
Aerobic respiration equation?
Glucose+oxygen—>carbon dioxide+water+energy(ATP)
What is adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?
ATP is the energy currency of the cell. It temporarily stored the energy in a high energy bond, and when this bond is broken, small amounts of energy are released and used by the body.
Where does aerobic respiration happen?
In the mitochondria in cells. The inner membrane is folded inwards providing large surface area for the attachment of enzymes which catalyse the process of respiration.
What doesn’t anaerobic respiration need?
Oxygen
What is anaerobic respiration?
The release of a relatively small amount of energy in cells by the breakdown of food substances in the absence of oxygen.
Where and when anaerobic respiration happen?
In the muscles during hard exercise
Anaerobic respiration equation?
Glucose—> lactic acid+energy(ATP)
What is not completely broken down in anaerobic respiration?
Glucose
What builds up in muscles during vigorous exercise and what does it need to be?
Lactic acid and it needs to be oxidised to make carbon dioxide and water
