1.1 Cells And Movement Across Cell Membranes

Question 1

Animals and plant cells are what?

Answer 1

Multicellular organisms- they consist of many cells that work together.

Question 2

What do animal cells contain?

Answer 2

Nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria and cell membrane.

Question 3

What do plant cells contain?

Answer 3

Nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, cell membrane, chloroplast, cell wall and vacuole.

Question 4

What does the cell membrane do?

Answer 4

Controls movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 5

What does cytoplasm do?

Answer 5

Jelly-like substance, where chemical reactions happen.

Question 6

What does the nucleus do?

Answer 6

Carries genetic information and controls what happens inside the cell.

Question 7

What does the mitochondria do?

Answer 7

Where respiration takes place, releasing energy for the cell.

Question 8

What does the vacuole do?

Answer 8

Contains a liquid called cell sap which keeps the cell firm.

Question 9

What does the cell wall do?

Answer 9

Made of a tough substance called cellulose which supports the cell.

Question 10

What does the chloroplast do?

Answer 10

Contains the green pigment chlorophyll which absorbs light energy. This is where photosynthesis occurs.

Question 11

A light microscope uses what?

Answer 11

Focused light passed through an object and two lenses to magnify an image of an object.

Question 12

Eyepiece usually magnifies by how much?

Answer 12

X10

Question 13

Objective lenses on a microscope usually magnify how much?

Answer 13

x4, x10, x40

Question 14

What does the stage of a microscope do?

Answer 14

Holds the glass slide with the object on it.

Question 15

What is diffusion?

Answer 15

The movement of particles from a higher concentration to a lower concentration.

Question 16

What is a concentration gradient?

Answer 16

The difference in the concentration of a chemical across a membrane.

Question 17

What is passive transport?

Answer 17

The movement of molecules down a concentration gradient whiteout the need for additional energy.

Question 18

What is osmosis?

Answer 18

The diffusion of water molecules from a higher concentration to a lower concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.

Question 19

What is a selectively permeable membrane?

Answer 19

It allows some substances to pass through them, but not others.

Question 20

What is equilibrium?

Answer 20

Either side of the membrane is the same and there is an equal movement of water molecules in both directions.

Question 21

What is active transport?

Answer 21

The movement of dissolved molecules into or out of a cell through the cell membrane from a higher concentration to a lower concentration.

Question 22

How do the particles move in active transport?

Answer 22

They move against the concentration gradient.