1.4 The Circulatory System

Question 1

Adaptations of red blood cells?

Answer 1

Biconcave shape, no nucleus, smooth shape

Question 2

Adaptations of white blood cells?

Answer 2

Long nucleus

Question 3

Red blood cells contain what for transport of oxygen?

Answer 3

Haemoglobin

Question 4

Platelets do what?

Answer 4

Clot the blood

Question 5

White blood cells defend against what?

Answer 5

Infectious disease

Question 6

Plasma does what?

Answer 6

Carries dissolved substances and distributes heat

Question 7

Which has more elastic fibres, arteries or veins?

Answer 7

Arteries

Question 8

Which has less muscles fibres, arteries or veins?

Answer 8

Veins

Question 9

Which has a thicker wall, arteries or veins?

Answer 9

Arteries

Question 10

Which has valves, arteries or veins?

Answer 10

Veins

Question 11

Which has a large lumen, arteries or veins?

Answer 11

Veins

Question 12

Arteries carries what?

Answer 12

Oxygenated blood away from the heart at higher pressure

Question 13

Veins carries what?

Answer 13

Deoxygenated blood towards the heart at lower pressure.

Question 14

At the lungs what do arteries divide into ?

Answer 14

Tiny capillaries with thin walls so gases can diffuse easily.

Question 15

What is the heart?

Answer 15

The muscular pump that pushes blood around the body.

Question 16

What does the vena cava do?

Answer 16

Carries deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

Question 17

What does the right atrium do?

Answer 17

Contracts to force blood through.

Question 18

What does the tricuspid valve do?

Answer 18

Prevents backflow of blood.

Question 19

What does the right ventricle do?

Answer 19

Contracts to push blood through.

Question 20

What does the pulmonary artery do?

Answer 20

Pushes deoxygenated blood from lungs to heart.

Question 21

What does the pulmonary vein do?

Answer 21

Pushes oxygenated blood from lungs to heart.

Question 22

What does the left atrium do?

Answer 22

Contracts to force blood through.

Question 23

What does the bicuspid valve do?

Answer 23

Prevents backflow of blood.

Question 24

What does the left ventricle do?

Answer 24

Contracts to push blood.

Question 25

What does the aorta do?

Answer 25

Carries blood out the heart into the body.

Question 26

What do the semi-lunar valves do?

Answer 26

Prevents backflow of blood.

Question 27

What is coronary heart disease?

Answer 27

Where blood vessels supplying the heart are narrowed or blocked.

Question 28

Risk factors of coronary heart disease?

Answer 28

High fat/salt diet, high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, smoking, genetic factors and lack of exercise.

Question 29

Treatments of coronary heart disease?

Answer 29

Statins, replacement valves and heart transplant.