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Biology > 1.4 The Circulatory System > Flashcards

1.4 The Circulatory System Flashcards

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1
Q

Adaptations of red blood cells?

A

Biconcave shape, no nucleus, smooth shape

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2
Q

Adaptations of white blood cells?

A

Long nucleus

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3
Q

Red blood cells contain what for transport of oxygen?

A

Haemoglobin

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4
Q

Platelets do what?

A

Clot the blood

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5
Q

White blood cells defend against what?

A

Infectious disease

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6
Q

Plasma does what?

A

Carries dissolved substances and distributes heat

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7
Q

Which has more elastic fibres, arteries or veins?

A

Arteries

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8
Q

Which has less muscles fibres, arteries or veins?

A

Veins

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9
Q

Which has a thicker wall, arteries or veins?

A

Arteries

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10
Q

Which has valves, arteries or veins?

A

Veins

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11
Q

Which has a large lumen, arteries or veins?

A

Veins

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12
Q

Arteries carries what?

A

Oxygenated blood away from the heart at higher pressure

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13
Q

Veins carries what?

A

Deoxygenated blood towards the heart at lower pressure.

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14
Q

At the lungs what do arteries divide into ?

A

Tiny capillaries with thin walls so gases can diffuse easily.

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15
Q

What is the heart?

A

The muscular pump that pushes blood around the body.

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16
Q

What does the vena cava do?

A

Carries deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

17
Q

What does the right atrium do?

A

Contracts to force blood through.

18
Q

What does the tricuspid valve do?

A

Prevents backflow of blood.

19
Q

What does the right ventricle do?

A

Contracts to push blood through.

20
Q

What does the pulmonary artery do?

A

Pushes deoxygenated blood from lungs to heart.

21
Q

What does the pulmonary vein do?

A

Pushes oxygenated blood from lungs to heart.

22
Q

What does the left atrium do?

A

Contracts to force blood through.

23
Q

What does the bicuspid valve do?

A

Prevents backflow of blood.

24
Q

What does the left ventricle do?

A

Contracts to push blood.

25
Q

What does the aorta do?

A

Carries blood out the heart into the body.

26
Q

What do the semi-lunar valves do?

A

Prevents backflow of blood.

27
Q

What is coronary heart disease?

A

Where blood vessels supplying the heart are narrowed or blocked.

28
Q

Risk factors of coronary heart disease?

A

High fat/salt diet, high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, smoking, genetic factors and lack of exercise.

29
Q

Treatments of coronary heart disease?

A

Statins, replacement valves and heart transplant.

Biology (6 decks)

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