1.3 Digestion And The Digestive System Flashcards
What is in a balanced diet?
Protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, fats, minerals, fibre and water.
What can excess high energy food lead to?
Obesity because it is stored as fat.
What can excess sugar lead to?
Type 2 diabetes, tooth decay and obesity.
What can excess fat lead to?
Obesity, heart disease and circulatory disease.
What can excess salt lead to?
High blood pressure.
What are carbohydrate broken down to?
Glucose from starch by carbohydrase enzymes.
What are proteins broken down to?
Amino acids from protein by protease enzymes.
What are lipids broken down to?
Glycerol and fatty acids from fat by lipase enzymes.
Chemical used and colour change for starch food test?
Iodine and brown to blue/black.
Chemical used and colour change for glucose food test?
Benedict’s reagent and blue to brick red.
Chemical used and colour change for protein food test?
Biuret’s reagent and blue to violet.
What is bile?
A mixture of chemicals that break up large fat droplets into smaller ones - it emulsifies the fat which increases surface area.
What happens in the oesophagus?
Peristalsis
What does the bile duct do?
Takes bile to small intestine.
What does the gall bladder do?
Stores bile.
