1.5 Hierarchy (QAP only) Flashcards
Quality Assurance Program (QAP)
- A part of quality management focused on providing ______ that quality requirements will be fulfilled.
- It is a ________ monitoring of quality control results and quality practice parameters to assure that all systems are functioning in a manner appropriate to excellence in health care delivery.
confidence; systematic
Quality Assurance Program (QAP)
- It also involves determination of a quality ______ , deciding whether or not a goal has been achieved and implementing corrective action if the goal has not been reached.
- It is a broad spectrum of ______ , policies and ________that together provide an administrative structure for a laboratory’s efforts to achieve quality goals.
goal; plans; procedures
Quality Assurance Program (QAP)
- involves virtually _______ and _________in the clinical laboratory.
- An error in any step during the acquisition, processing, and analysis of a specimen and the reporting of a laboratory test result and in validating the quality of the analysis can cause the laboratory to fall short of its quality goals
everything; everybody
Quality Assurance Program (QAP)
- Quality Assurance, as currently applied is primarily concerned with broader measures and monitor of laboratory performance, such as _______ time, specimen _______, patient identification, and test utility.
turnaround; identification
Quality Assurance Program (QAP)
- Quality assurance requires either that causes of problems be identified through ____________ and eliminated through _____________ or that Quality Control be able to detect the problems early enough to prevent their consequences
quality improvement (QI); quality planning (QP)
Quality Assurance Program (QAP)
There are several essential elements of a quality assurance program:
- COMMITMENT
- FACILITIES AND RESOURCES
- PERSONNEL COMPETENCY AND TRAINING
- TECHNICAL PROCEDURES
- PROBLEM SOLVING MECHANISMS
Quality Assurance Program (QAP): essential elements of a quality assurance program:
- COMMITMENT or dedication to quality service which must be ______ and a ________ driven. A true commitment is required from laboratory directors, managers and supervisors if the efforts of their laboratory personnel are to be successful.
central; team effort
Quality Assurance Program (QAP): essential elements of a quality assurance program:
(2) FACILITIES AND RESOURCES. Laboratories must have the ___________ support necessary to provide the quality services desired. This means having adequate _______, equipment, materials, supplies, staffing, supervision and _________ resources. This serves as basis upon which quality services are developed and maintained.
administrative; space; budgetary
Quality Assurance Program (QAP): essential elements of a quality assurance program:
- PERSONNEL COMPETENCY AND TRAINING. High quality personnel are essential for high-quality services. ________ and education are vital to the performance of staffs. Successful training and assessment of personnel can be realized through _______ and targeted education programs.
Training; planning
Quality Assurance Program (QAP): essential elements of a quality assurance program:
- PERSONNEL COMPETENCY AND TRAINING. There are six elements required of a laboratory competency assessment program which includes:
(i) direct observation of patient test performance;
(ii)monitoring of the recording and reporting of results;
(iii) review of intermediate test results, QC records, proficiency testing results and preventive maintenance records;
(iv) direct observation and performance of instrument maintenance and function checks;
(v) assessment of test performance
through testing previously analyzed specimens, internal blind testing samples or external proficiency samples; and
(vi) assessment of problem solving skills
Quality Assurance Program (QAP): essential elements of a quality assurance program:
- PERSONNEL COMPETENCY AND TRAINING. ______ requires that assessment of competence in job tasks be done _______ for the first year of employment and annually thereafter and upon implementation of new test methods before reporting of patient test results. Detailed instructions for this are found in the ______ Guideline: Training and
Competence Assessment
CLIA; semiannually; CLSI
Quality Assurance Program (QAP): essential elements of a quality assurance program:
- PERSONNEL COMPETENCY AND TRAINING. A workforce _________ sometimes found with laboratory personnel is lack of academic education in basic quality _______ practices and statistical methods of ________. Without formal training in statistical quality control for the clinical laboratory, employees are often taught what to do, but may not understand the “why”, which can impact their ability to troubleshoot and problem solve.
deficiency; control; analysis
Quality Assurance Program (QAP): essential elements of a quality assurance program:
- PERSONNEL COMPETENCY AND TRAINING. Ways by which continuous personnel ________ may be done are through in-service trainings/in-house education programs, web based training programs and actual participation in seminars or trainings on specific laboratory skills or concept updates.
training
Quality Assurance Program (QAP): essential elements of a quality assurance program:
- TECHNICAL PROCEDURES. High-quality technical procedures are necessary to provide quality laboratory services. These groups of procedures include the:
(i) control of _________ conditions or variables from test requisition to processing and distribution of specimens including preparation of work lists, logs and maintenance of records
(ii) control of _______variables which include analytical methods, standardization and calibration procedures, documentation of analytical protocols and procedures and monitoring of critical equipment and materials;
(iii) monitoring of analytical
quality by the use of ________ methods and control charts
(iv) control of _______ conditions or variables
preanalytical; analytical; statistical; postanalytical
Quality Assurance Program (QAP): essential elements of a quality assurance program:
(5) PROBLEM SOLVING MECHANISMS or trouble shooting capabilities is an important component of QAP although often not emphasized. This mechanism
provides a link between problem ____________ and _____________of a solution to the problem. It is a feedback loop that responds to an error signal by making adjustments to reduce the size of the error or to prevent its recurrence.
identification; implementation;
