15 - Emotions, Aggression, and Stress

Question 0

Bell’s palsy

Answer 0

A disorder, usually caused by viral infection, in which the facial nerve on one side stops conducting action potentials, resulting in paralysis on one side of the face

Question 1

Polygraph

Answer 1

Popularly known as a lie detector. A device that measures several bodily responses, such as heart rate and blood pressure

Question 2

Evolutionary psychology

Answer 2

A field devoted to asking how natural selection has shaped behavior in humans and other animals

Question 3

Individual response stereotypy

Answer 3

The tendency of individuals to show the same response pattern to particular situations throughout their life span

Question 4

Brain self-stimulation

Answer 4

The process in which animals will work to provide electrical stimulation to particular brain sites, presumably because the experience is very rewarding

Question 5

Medial forebrain bundle

Answer 5

A collection of axons traveling in the midline region of the forebrain

Question 6

Decorticate rage

Answer 6

Also called sham rage. Sudden intense rage characterized by actions (such as snarling and biting in dogs) that lack clear direction

Question 7

Papez circuit

Answer 7

A group of brain regions within the limbic system

Question 8

Limbic system

Answer 8

A loosely defined, widespread group of brain nuclei that innervate each other to form a network. These nuclei are implicated in emotions

Question 9

Klüver-Bucy syndrome

Answer 9

A condition brought about by bilateral amygdala damage, that is characterized by dramatic emotional changes including reduction in fear and anxiety

Question 10

Amygdala

Answer 10

A group of nuclei in the medial anterior part of the temporal lobe

Question 11

Intermale aggression

Answer 11

Aggression between males of the same species

Question 12

Emotional dyscontrol syndrome

Answer 12

A condition consisting of temporal lobe disorders that may underlie some forms of human violence

Question 13

Psychopath

Answer 13

An individual incapable of experiencing remorse

Question 14

Stress

Answer 14

Any circumstance that upsets homeostatic balance

Question 15

Alarm reaction

Answer 15

The initial response to stress

Question 16

Adaptation stage

Answer 16

The second stage in the stress response, including successful activation of the appropriate response systems and the reestablishment of homeostatic balance

Question 17

Exhaustion stage

Answer 17

A stage in the response to stress that is caused by prolonged or frequently repeated stress and is characterized by increased susceptibility to disease

Question 18

Stress immunization

Answer 18

The concept that mild stress early in life makes an individual better able to handle stress later in life

Question 19

Psychosomatic medicine

Answer 19

A field of study that emphasizes the role of psychological factors in disease

Question 20

Health psychology

Answer 20

Also called behavioral medicine. A field that studies psychological influences on health-related processes, such as why people become ill or how they remain healthy

Question 21

Psychoneuroimmunology

Answer 21

The study of the immune system and its interaction with the nervous system and behavior

Question 22

Phagocyte

Answer 22

An immune system cell that engulfs invading molecules or microbes

Question 23

B lymphocyte

Answer 23

Also called B cell. An immune system cell, formed in the bone marrow (hence the B), that mediates humoral immunity

Question 24

Antibody

Answer 24

Also called immunoglobulin. A large protein that recognizes and permanently binds to particular shapes, normally as part of the immune system attack on foreign particles

Question 25

T lymphocyte

Answer 25

Also called T cell. An immune system cell, formed in the thymus (hence the T), that attacks foreign microbes or tissue; “killer cell”

Question 26

Cytokine

Answer 26

A protein that induces the proliferation of other cells, as in the immune system