1.5

Question 1

Anion

Answer 1

Negatively charged atom or molecule

Question 2

Atomic Orbital

Answer 2

Mathematical function that describes the behavior of an electron in an atom

Question 3

Aufbau Principle

Answer 3

Procedure in which the electron configuration of the elements is determined by “Building” them in order of atomic numbers, adding one proton to the nucleus and one electron to the proper subshell at a time

Question 4

Bohr’s model of the hydrogen atom

Answer 4

Structural model in which an electron moves around the nucleus only in circular orbits each with a specific allowed radius

Question 5

Cation

Answer 5

Positively charged atom or molecule

Question 6

Core Electron

Answer 6

Electron in an atom that occupies the orbitals of the inner shells

Question 7

d Orbital

Answer 7

Region of space with high electron density that is either four lobed or contains a dumbbell and torus shape; describes orbitals with I = 2

Question 8

Effective Nuclear Charge

Answer 8

Charge that leads to the Coulomb force exerted by the nucleus of an electron, calculated as the nuclear charge minus shielding

Question 9

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Answer 9

Range of energies that electromagnetic radiation can comprise, including, radio, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays

Question 10

Electron

Answer 10

Negatively charged, subatomic particle of relatively low mass located outside of the nucleus

Question 11

Electron Configuration

Answer 11

Listing that identifies the electron occupancy of an atom’s shells and subshells

Question 12

Electron Density

Answer 12

A measure of the probability of locating an electron in a particular region of space, it is equal to the squared absolute value of the wave function ψ

Question 13

Excited State

Answer 13

State of having energy greater than the ground-state energy

Question 14

f Orbital

Answer 14

Multilobed region of space with electron density, describes orbitals with I=3

Question 15

Frequency(v)

Answer 15

Number of wave cycles that pass through a specific point in space per unit time

Question 16

Ground State

Answer 16

State in which the electrons in an atom, ion, or molecule have the lowest energy possible

Question 17

Heisenberg uncertainty principle

Answer 17

Rule stating that it is impossible to exactly determine both certain conjugate dynamical properties such as the momentum and the position of a particle at the same time. The uncertainty principle is a consequence of quantum particles exhibiting wave-particle duality

Question 18

Hund’s rule

Answer 18

Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is doubly occupied, and all electrons in a singly occupied orbitals have the same spin

Question 19

Ionization Energy

Answer 19

Energy require to remove an electron from a gaseous atom or ion

Question 20

Magnetic Quantum Number (ml)

Answer 20

Quantum number signifying the orientation of an atomic orbital around the nucleus

Question 21

Orbital Diagram

Answer 21

Pictorial Representation of the electron configuration showing each orbital as a box and each electron as an arrow

Question 22

p Orbital

Answer 22

Dumbbell-shaped regions of space with high electron density, describes orbitals with / = 1

Question 23

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Answer 23

Specifies that no two electrons in an atom can have the same value for all four quantum numbers

Question 24

Photon

Answer 24

Smallest Possible packet of electromagnetic radiation, a particle of light

Question 25

Principle Exclusion Number

Answer 25

Quantum number specifying the shell of an electron occupies in an atom

Question 26

Proton

Answer 26

Positively charged, subatomic particle located in the nucleus

Question 27

Quantum Mechanics

Answer 27

Field of study that includes quantization of energy, wave-particle duality, and the Heisenberg Uncertainty principle to describe matter

Question 28

Quantum Number

Answer 28

Number having only specific allowed values and used to characterize the arrangements of electrons in an atom

Question 29

s orbital

Answer 29

Spherical region of space with high electron density describes orbitals with l = 0

Question 30

Secondary (angular momentum) Quantum Number (l)

Answer 30

Quantum number distinguishing the different shapes of orbitals; it is also a measure of the orbital angular momentum

Question 31

Shell

Answer 31

Atomic Orbitals with the same principle quantum number, n

Question 32

Spin Quantum Number (ms)

Answer 32

Number specifying the electron spin direction, either +1/2 or -1/2

Question 33

Subshell

Answer 33

Atomic orbitals with the same values of n and l

Question 34

Valence Electrons

Answer 34

Electrons in the high energy outer shell(s) of an atom

Question 35

Valence Shell

Answer 35

High energy outer shell of an atom